Building from Holland's model of vocational choice, this study investigated the extent to which teachers' career satisfaction is related to selected skills, values, and professional accomplishments of those teachers. Career satisfaction was significantly related to teachers' professional achievements consistent with Holland's model and previous…

Zajonc has proposed that the decline in high school achievement since 1965 can be explained by the trend from 1947 to 1962 toward larger, closer-spaced families. This study tested this theory with data on students in Iowa high schools. Overall, the results raise doubt about this hypothesis. (Author/CTM)

A social cognitive developmental model is presented integrating a Piagetian developmental model and Flavell's processing model, to describe three aspects of development. The utility of the model was tested in two studies. The results demonstrate that it is possible to increase children's social cognitive abilities instructionally. (Author/CTM)

Sixty-eight teachers (39 English and 29 mathematics) were observed in two of their class sections. Relationships among teaching behaviors and student outcomes in mathematics classes suggest that elements of both the direct instruction model and indirect influence model are supported. Results in English classes are less clear. (Author/CTM)

A content analysis was performed on a sample of written descriptions of classroom events provided by 84 elementary school teachers in which they focused on the affective or noncognitive behavior of students. Content categories included: interpersonal v intrapersonal adjustment and individuals v groups. Teacher characteristics were also considered.…

Eight highly structured fifth- and sixth-grade classrooms were compared with seven less structured classrooms with respect to the degree to which teachers', classmates', and self ratings of ability to read were in agreement. It was suggested that classroom structures may effect perceptions of ability. (CTM)

The effects of interpersonal cooperation, competition, and individualistic efforts were compared on a categorization and retrieval, a spatial-reasoning, and a verbal problem-solving task. Forty-five first-grade children were stratified on the basis of sex and ability. Students in the cooperative condition achieved best. (Author/CTM)

Education majors completed questionnaires about student success or failure in hypothetical situations and their responses were categorized. Dimensions of the category scheme concerned the student (ability and effort), the situation (task difficulty and luck), and the teacher (experience and preparation). (CTM)

Fifty-six fifth- and sixth-grade children, manifesting depressive symptoms as judged by teachers and in response to a self-report depression battery, were assigned to one of four intervention conditions: role play, cognitive restructuring, attention placebo, or control. Most improvements were observed in the role-play treatment. (Author/CTM)

A review of research findings compares evaluations of the effectiveness of programed instruction in secondary schools. The meta-analysis showed that results from programed instruction were similar to those from conventional teaching. Programed instruction did not raise student achievement on examinations, nor did it increase positive attitudes…

In a study, underachieving fifth and sixth graders who were weak in mathematics tutored second graders who were also weak in mathematics, replacing their regular classroom teachers. Results show that both tutors and tutees had significantly improved in mathematics on standard achievement tests. (JN)

At intervals during the reading of an article, college students were asked to stop and state how they were preparing to answer an unspecified question about the article. Those students who had attempted to discern the question had significantly superior performance to those who had not devised such a strategy. (JN)

Examined the ability of kindergarten children to use counting procedures to solve story problems. A major factor affecting pupil ability was the use of manipulative materials which illustrate the sets and relationships. Findings indicate that pupil success hinges on problem complexity and that this method could be used for early diagnosis of pupil…

Two studies investigated sixth and seventh graders' metacognitive reading skills or skills that are used in reading to remember. Students monitored relative passage difficulty between narrative and expository passages and offered reasons for their judgements. Self-report strategies, retrospection, and protocol analysis were used. (JN)

A study investigated the influences of the nature of the research, the offer of an honorarium, and the time required to participate in the research on teacher interest in participating in classroom research. Results indicated that significantly greater interest was expressed by teachers when a small honorarium was offered. (JN)