Utilizing a nation-wide random sample of 336 professors, this study examines levels of satisfaction with the work environment, selected personality characteristics, coping methods for stress, and perceived changes in attitudes and behaviors. Discriminant analyses produced a function containing two work environment dimensions, three personality…

Special Education administrators in six states completed mailed questionnaires concerning modifications in standard testing procedures for Hispanic students. Hispanic students were not overrepresented in special education, but enrolled in learning disabled programs in far greater numbers than in educable mentally retarded programs. (Author/BS)

Freshman composition students wrote five arguments according to specifications and created a metaphor to significantly support each argument. Fifty-four pairs of metaphor and no metaphor papers were rated. Results showed that student-produced metaphors did not increase argument persuasiveness, but quoted metaphors from published sources did.…

While Mosenthal's Context Pyramid Model of Classroom Writing Contexts is a useful framework for guiding research on writing, it is argued that the model is actually a special case of earlier conceptual frameworks for research on memory and cognition by Jenkins and Bransford. (BS)

The author argues that Fagley's and Miller's criticisms of his Contexts Pyramid Model of Classroom Writing Competence (TM 510 548) reflect a misunderstanding of the purposes and the assumptions underlying the model. (BS)

To estimate the relative effects of three types and three combinations of feedback on children's discrimination learning, a meta-analysis was performed on the findings of 89 studies. In general, reward compared to punishment or to reward plus punishment is the least efficient method of feedback for teaching children discrimination materials.…

A unified framework for validating criterion-referenced test (CRT) interpretation is proposed. Using functional literacy as an illustration, the instructional outcomes assessed are called achievement constructs, and described in psychological and behavioral terms. The proposed construct validation methods can yield tests more closely linked to…

Using a framework to review the research, this article evaluates the effectiveness of adjunct questions and objectives in a prose learning setting. The framework proved useful in identifying processes responsible for the effects of the two adjunct aids, in explaining unusual and/or discrepant results, and generating recommendations for future…

This paper constructs an administrator succession model specifying major school process and outcome variables. The succession literature is reviewed using the model's components which include the selection process, organizational structure, school culture, educational programs, successor actions, community, and succession effects. Strategies for…

Symbolic play and literate behavior involve similar mental processes: the production and comprehension of decontextualized language and narrative competence. Methodological and theoretical issues in recent studies are reviewed. Observational results support the theory of similar mental processes, but experimental results question a causal…

In this paper, the association of birth order with educational attainment is examined among Wisconsin high school graduates of 1957 and their siblings. There are not significant or systemic effects of birth order on schooling when other relevant variables have been controlled. (Author/DWH)

Teachers' ratings of academic ability in mathematics; and English were regressed on test scores in a sample of second-grade Irish students. Within the terms of the model, teachers' ratings were only marginally less defensible than ratings based on a previous administration of the same tests. (Author/DWH)

A conceptual model of the factors affecting dropout syndrome was develop emphasizing academic, social, and personal outcomes of the selection or socialization of students at a university. The model was estimated using path analysis, and the intervening variables were found to be important predictors of dropout syndrome. (Author/DWH)

The interrelationships among motivational variables drawn from locus of control (LOC) theory and attribution theory, combined with measures of school achievement were measures of school achievement were investigated. Motivational instruments were administered to intermediate grade students and achievement data were extracted from existing school…

University students representing two levels of teaching experience were compared while interacting with one of two child conferates displaying distractible behavior. Each adult completed the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey. Results suggested that experienced teachers took a more "task oriented" approach providing more instruction and…