Meta-analysis techniques were used to synthesize research on the effectiveness of three major activity-based elementary science programs: (1) the Elementary Science Study, (2) Science--A Process Approach, and (3) the Science Curriculum Improvement Study. Implications for both widespread adoption and curricular decisions, as well as long term…

Research contrasting special class placement, partial mainstreaming, and complete mainstreaming of students with mild academic handicaps is critically reviewed. Also reviewed is recent research on programs designed to improve the outcomes of mainstreaming, particularly programs directed at diminishing the rejection of students with mild academic…

Results from a meta-analysis of findings on the effectiveness of coaching for achievement tests from 30 controlled studies of coaching programs are presented. Coaching typically raised achievement test scores by .25 standard deviations. Effects varied with the level of training intervention. (Author/PN)

This defense of the authors' previous report states that there is a large sex difference in mathematical reasoning ability among intellectually talented preadolescents. The authors concluded differential course taking could not account for observed sex differences among intellectually gifted students, although this may affect average ability…

The authors contend their study and criticism of the Benbow and Stanley results were valid. Benbow and Stanley's clarification that their conclusions pertain only to intellectually talented students and competency in mathematical reasoning ability resolves this disagreement. (DWH)

Primary grade students of varying mathematics and reading abilities were assessed with appropriate standardized measures. Peer-directed activities were recorded. Results indicated ability groups differed in achievement and use of requests and responses. The implications for children's acquisition of skills in peer-directed instructional groups are…

Levels of general and area-specific achievement motivation for adolescents of varying backgrounds were assessed. General measures of achievement motivation revealed significant differences by race, sex, and social class. These factors exercised great influence on specific types of achievement behavior. (Author/DWH)

Self- and teacher expectancy effects on the academic achievement of black college freshmen in an academic reinforcement program were investigated. Results indicated more significant self-expectancy effects than teacher expectancy effects on achievement. (Author/DWH)

Elementary school students read and recalled normal and scrambled versions of text. Superior recall for expository text was found to be attributable to use of text structure rather than a memory factor as a retrieval cue. Students aware of structure recalled significantly more of normal passages than scrambled text. (Author/DWH)

The extent to which the income, power, and prestige potential of college curricula can explain sex composition and male/female attrition rate is examined. Men are disproportionately represented in curricula ranked high on the three stratification dimensions. Those curricula, also have the highest amounts of prejudicial attitudes against women.…

Elementary Boys' generosity toward peers following a success experience varied according to resulting positive and negative affects. Role of context of success relative to affective arousal and generosity were explored. Results indicated importance of considering the context of success and relevance of negative affects induced by a success…

The interaction effects of two stress management strategies, the directed lecture discussion versus self-directed, and locus of control of teachers were examined. Results indicated directed and self-directive programs were effective in reducing stress. Locus of control was not an important factor. (Author/DWH)

Experiments were conducted to determine undergraduates' attributions for examination performance. A latent partition analysis of subjects' categories was performed by another group of educational psychology students. Combined attribution clusters reflected locus of control and stability dimensions. Students differentiated attribution clusters only…

Prospective educators' knowledge of children's legal rights in several areas was assessed. Results indicated limited legal knowledge and some misconceptions about the law. The need for colleges of education to adapt their curricula to include legal issues is discussed. (Author/DWH)

The degree of implementation of the Adaptive Learning Environments Model in special education and its association with efficient use of student's time and other classroom resources and processes were examined. Primary grade teachers were able to establish and maintain the model at moderate to high criterion levels. (Author/DWH)