Artificial intelligence techniques are used in computer programs to search out rapidly and retrieve information from very large databases. Programing advances have also led to the development of systems that provide expert consultation (expert systems). These systems, as applied to education, are the primary emphasis of this article. (LMO)

Video games may allow educators to reach children who have never before been incorporated into an educational experience within the confines of school. A distinction is made between types of arcade style games and educational games in Piagetian terms: practice games, symbolic games, games with rules, and games of construction. (LMO)

Planning for the Modesto City School's introductory computer education program involved six questions: (1) What should students learn? (2) How should they learn it? (3) How long should/does it take? (4) How well are students learning it? (5) Can we do it better? and (6) Can we do it in less time? (LMO)

The Irvine Unified School District developed a Master Plan and Guide for Computer Utilization, outlining major goals in microcomputer and mainframe computer use. Educational objectives were identified, and a three-year staff development plan was implemented. (LMO)

This article presents teaching strategies based on research findings in the area of computer-based instruction (CBI). Research conclusions are presented in terms of five CBI characteristics in tabular form. CBI examples, derived from research conclusions, include: short reviews and age level and availability for specific software packages. (LMO)

The optimum use of the microcomputer can emerge when it competes both in cost effectiveness and actual qualitative performance with all other educational media available. Mainframe computers, available in most school districts, can share data with microcomputers via terminals in schools and classrooms and allow microcomputers to operate most…

The purpose of this article is to discuss hardware issues and help educators assess their hardware needs in order to determine the best computer hardware for their school program. Good and bad features, flexibility, reliability, cost effectiveness, and optimum classroom configuration are given particular attention. (LMO)

The National Longitudinal Survey of the high school class of 1972 was used to assess academic ability of elementary and secondary school teachers. Results are discussed. (Author/DF)

A study investigated whether examiners' personal familiarity and professional experience with examinees affects handicapped children's test performance. Professionally experienced and inexperienced examiners were used in test conditions that varied by degree of personal familiarity of examiners and children. Results are discussed. (Author/DF)

The effects of prior knowledge and information orderings on the immediate and delayed recall of unfamiliar information under various levels of control for the effects of cognitive style and reading achievement were studied. Significant interaction effects were discovered. (Author/DF)

A causal model of the determinants of students' evaluation of instruction was examined. The model was tested using path analysis and regression analysis in four levels of academic areas. Results are discussed. (Author/DF)

Teacher clarity and its effects on student achievement were investigated in a study of high school social studies students. Groups were defined by possible combinations of two teacher uncertainty conditions, two teacher "bluffing" conditions, and two lecture note conditions. Results are discussed. (Author/DF)

Intergroup cooperation and competition were compared to determine if they promoted systematic differences in interaction between majority and minority students. Results indicated that the intergroup cooperation condition produced increased numbers of cross-ethnic relationships. (Author/DF)

Discovery and expository learning were compared in a study of independent and dependent learners enrolled in a college chemistry course. Discovery learning was found to be superior for both groups of learners, with independent students performing better than dependent students using discovery learning. (Author/DF)

Six tests of abilities and attitudes related to early reading achievement were administered to first graders in a rural setting. Scores from the Metropolitan Achievement Test were used as criterion measure of the predictive powers of the tests. Test effectiveness and value are discussed. (Author/DF)