Some young children presented with unidimensional and nonverbal conservation tasks were able to give a conservation response if they could answer with a picture instead of orally. (Editor)

An instrument designed to measure reading attitudes in elementary school students is described and its validity discussed. (JD)

A study of the behavior of sixth graders tutoring younger children indicated that the tutors' verbal and nonverbal behavior tended to reflect the performance of the tutee. (Editor/JD)

Teachers introduced to six skills through concept-based training showed greater mastery of probing and informing skills than did a control group. (Editor)

College students who withdrew from a course but continued in other courses resembled dropouts in that their time of withdrawal was related to academic standing. (Editor)

The processing that integrates the meanings of individual words to form a representation of sentence meaning begins at those points in a sentence where the structural relationships can be identified. (Editor)

Correspondence course students who did more than half the assignments were more likely to complete the course and do better on the final examination. Questions are raised concerning the motivation of those enrolled in correspondence courses. (Editor/JD)

High school French students showed greater achievement in language skills and more positive attitudes toward French when taught with learning activity packages in French culture. (Editor)

Those evaluating teacher behavior were highly influenced by verbal remarks that led them to expect either excellent or poor performance. (Editor)

Topics concerning latent trait theory are addressed: (1) dimensionality of latent space, local independence, and item characteristic curves; (2) models--equations, parameter estimation, testing assumptions, and goodness of fit, (3) applications test developments, item bias, tailored testing and equating; and (4) advantages over classical…

Assuming conditional normality and independence, standard estimation and hypothesis testing procedures for regression coefficients are the same whether using fixed x values, random x values or mixed fixed and random values. Contrary to Sockloff's suggestion, polynomial regression is useful with either fixed or random models. (See EJ 142 050). (CP)

Evaluations of creativity training programs are described: (1) Productive Thinking; (2) Purdue Creative Thinking; (3) Parnes; (4) Myers-Torrance workbooks; and (5) Khatena. Conceptual and methodological problems are discussed. Although gains on tests of divergent thinking have been noted, it is unclear whether these programs improve real-life…

This review covers four general areas: modification of undesirable behavior; increasing competence; generalization and maintenance; and behavior analysis methods in assessing preschool procedures. These studies support the usefulness of behavioral analysis; however, a major problem is the lack of systematic follow-up or procedures encouraging…

Beginning with an historical review of public school role in the mediation of social and ethnocultural class conflicts, political problems for curriculum policy makers are discussed. These problems are created by the simultaneous needs for the curriculum to maintain and change society. (CP)

Variables affecting long-term retention are examined: (1) learner history--including ability, prior knowledge and self-confidence; (2) events (teaching techniques) occurring immediately before reading; (3) events occurring during reading; and (4) events in the retention interval, particularly practice effects. The ACT associationist model is used…