This study used a series of analogy problems to test children's associative and conceptual abilities and showed that children with stronger associative abilities do not rely excessively on associative strategies. (MM)

In this study, children became more negative in their attitudes toward handicapped peers after group discussion but did not change their views on normal-appearing children. (MM)

This study showed that culture conflict and achievement motivation were the most important of five factors affecting academic achievement of Indian high school students in Seattle, Washington. (MM)

The general problem of admitting underprepared students to an urban university is discussed, and a study is reported that found disadvantaged freshmen did significantly better than a control group when offered counseling, instruction, and tutoring by a specially trained faculty team. (MM)

College students who read material with advance organizers presented either before the passage or interspersed in the text did not recall significantly more information than did a control group presented with the text only. (MM)

This study of sixth graders showed that deductive teaching was significantly more effective than inductive instruction for some pupils. (MM)

Low principal-student interaction was correlated with positive teacher attitudes and high student achievement in this study involving nearly 7,000 students in 45 schools. (MM)

Black ninth graders did better on a black-dialect reading test than on the standard English form of the same test. (MM)

It was found that a student's attitude toward a specific college course could be measured and improved by applying cognitive dissonance theory assumptions in a formal plan of attitudinal change. (MM)

A learning-management program, the Self-Schedule System, significantly affected children's perception of self-responsibility for their school learning as well as their rate of task completion. (RC)

The importance of communication skills in the vocational education teaching/learning process is underscored. The most important measures which differentiated good from poor teaching were: teacher dynamism, teacher delivery, time spent with students, positive reinforcement of students, and positive attitude toward the students. (RC)

The results indicate that skilled readers can recognize four-letter words without extensive orthographic analysis. Unskilled readers may use the same process but revert to a phonological encoding when a word is both unfamiliar and contains an irregular vowel. (Author/RC)

Multivariate and univariate analysis of variance indicated that students tested under a norm referenced condition earned higher achievement scores than those tested under criterion referenced conditions. A significant relationship was observed between risk-taking and achievement only under a criterion referenced condition. (Author/RC)

Family constellation variables such as family size, birth order, spacing of children, and crowding were significantly associated with academic achievement when IQ was controlled. The effects of family constellation variables were found to be sex specific. (RC)

Research on cognitive styles, particularly field dependence/ independence has implications for understanding how students learn; how teachers teach; how teachers and students interact, and how students make educational and vocational choices and perform in the areas of their choice. (Author/MV)