British secondary students (n=342) revealed largely stereotypical views of school subjects. Such views were associated with sex stereotyped attitudes toward occupations and roles. Boys showed much more bias in subject choices, and those choosing "masculine" subjects were more likely to support traditional sex roles. (SK)

Suggests problems in calculating standard scores in Goal Attainment Scaling; first, because it is not dealing with interval data; and second, because of difficulties in estimating degrees of relationship among individuals' scores. Proposes nonparametric methods of handling data. (SK)

Thirty teachers and 20 5- to 7-year olds viewed videos of playground fighting episodes. Teachers reported difficulty in distinguishing between playful and real fighting; 30% thought playful fighting was twice as frequent as real. They tended to agree with children on the nature of the episodes but used a wider range of cues in making judgments.…

Nigerian second graders (n=58) were given instruction on using counting and thinking strategies. Compared to 54 controls, they performed better on recall and retention of number facts. (SK)

The everyday experiences of one Danish (15 children) and one U.S. (17 children) kindergarten class were studied. In the U.S. kindergarten, teaching of the basics predominated, while play was the main activity in the Danish kindergarten. How these approaches contributed to motivation for learning in the United States and social competence in…

Contextual changes in society in Finland, as elsewhere, have caused new demands for evaluation. This is particularly apparent in light of curriculum developments in compulsory education in Finland. The use of evaluations and the importance of planning evaluation for the benefit of the user are discussed. Professional, consumerist, and public…

The academic performance of 840 Swedish college students in four study programs was observed for three years. Students were divided into those admitted on the basis of grade point average (GPA), Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Test (SweSAT) scores, and SweSAT scores plus work experience. The last group was less successful than the other two. (SLD)

Teaching an eight-year-old girl with learning difficulties a more advanced addition strategy through multicomponent self-regulation training and a self-instructional model resulted in more rapid problem solving, fewer learning errors, and the acquisition of even more advanced addition strategies. (SLD)

A research project analyzed statements about education's contribution to development as a justification for external assistance to education in developing countries by comparing the perspectives of Finnish governmental and public documents and the international perspective in United Nations documents. Differences and parallels in the points of…

Studies of portfolio construction and compilation involving 35 Israeli principals and 14 Dutch managers show that high-quality portfolios can only be expected after sustained use, but that the use of portfolios has an immediate impact on views toward assessment. Portfolios are time-consuming, but can provide effective feedback to the learner. (SLD)

Polish and Finnish high school students (n=352) from academic and vocational tracks reported on the future planning they did in different contexts and completed measures of self-esteem and control over the future. Findings suggest that future planning reflects general developmental patterns in both countries, while self-evaluation reflects…

A case study of district-level factors that enabled eight Ontario secondary schools to assume added administrative responsibilities found that after two years, district-level factors contributing to change were the actions of a steering committee, emerging professionalism in the teacher union, district history, individual personalities, and a…

Studies in three Canadian schools indicate that implementation of a year-round school calendar served as a catalyst for innovations in teaching and learning and for school-level capacity-building by facilitating teachers' planning, formal and informal talk about teaching and learning, team teaching, philosophically-based programmatic changes, and…

In order to assess the impact of changes made by Citizenship and Immigration Canada, adult citizenship-education programs were examined nationwide. Far fewer programs were available to immigrants to Canada than in 1987. Content scope in citizenship-education programs has remained essentially unchanged or been reduced, and is heavily influenced by…

Reports on the initial stages of an ongoing action-research project in multicultural teacher education. Viewing curriculum as the creation of culturally significant domains for conversation, the project inquired into how a secondary English-methods course centered on issues of cultural diversity and emerging professional identities was taken up by…