The reading attainment of 1,329 primary school children was analyzed to see if literacy standards changed since the introduction of Britain's National Curriculum. The relative stability of attainment across cohorts contrasts with the prediction that the curriculum would raise standards. (SK)

Interviews with 27 Japanese children living in Scotland and England explored the notion of cultural dissonance in four areas: talk and silence in class, academic knowledge versus skills, achievement expectations and aspirations, and cultural identity. Current teaching practices apparently do not take cultural differences into account. (SK)

Advanced-level English and chemistry examinations in Britain were graded in several conditions: with or without examinees' names; with male or female names; and with "male" or "female" handwriting. No consistent evidence of gender bias was found in the marking. (SK)

After an antibullying project in Sheffield (England) primary schools, 657 children ages 7-11 in four schools were surveyed. Two schools had a consistent decline in bullying, one a consistent rise, and one a decline and then a rise. All four reduced bullying among boys, but three had a rise in bullying among girls. (SK)

Concept mapping and sorting in education stresses relationships between concepts, applications of mapping, processes, and grounding in learning theory. In business and public administration the emphasis is on decision making and planning. (SK)

Twenty South African students with low math achievement learned metacognitive strategies for math problems and 20 controls were taught math conventionally. General ability, metacognitive awareness, math achievement, and positive attitudes were all higher for the experimental group. (SK)

The purpose of this topical review is to present Educational Policy Reform Research Institute's (EPRRI's) state-level qualitative findings collected during in depth interviews in the four core study states of California, Maryland, New York, and Texas. The data presented reflect the perspectives of state-level personnel who were involved with the…

Many students with disabilities need to use accommodations to meaningfully access instruction and to be appropriately assessed. During the past decade, the use of assessment accommodations has dramatically increased the participation rates of students with disabilities in statewide testing. Assessment accommodations can be defined as "changes in…

Representations and changes between them play a major role in education (e.g., Hewson, Beeth, & Thorley, 1998), problem solving (e.g., Bauer & Reiser, 1990), cognitive development (e.g., Vosniadou & Brewer, 1992), and the history of science (e.g., Kuhn, 1970). By definition, change of representations is also indispensable for collaborative work…

This article investigates three types of content presentation (video documentary, computerized dictionary, and games) within interactive computer use at the Quebec Museum of Civilization. The visitors' viewpoint is particularly relevant for interface designing outcomes, since they argued that terminals require specific content display for…

Since past studies showing that competition has negative effects on group process were primarily conducted in traditional classrooms involving face-to-face situations, this study extends past research by investigating whether the negative effects associated with face-to-face team competition can be mitigated with the support of networking…

Despite the potential benefits of Web-based Instruction (WBI), not everyone welcomes online learning opportunities. This study examined the psychological processes underlying opposition to WBI by collecting survey data from 257 learners enrolled in a large southeastern university. Results supported the hypothesis that those with weak Internet…

The goal of this study was to evaluate and describe the Internet search strategies of adolescent learners. Participants were 161 middle and high school students. Collected data included students' descriptions of the search process, observations of student searching behaviors, and audit trail lists of search strings used by students. The students…

The purpose of this experimental study was to test the role of image and animation on: a) learners' perceptions of pedagogical agent persona characteristics (i.e., extent to which agent was person-like, engaging, credible, and instructor-like); b) agent value; and c) performance. The primary analysis consisted of two contrast comparisons: 1)…

This article reports a study in which student performance and approaches to study in a CD-ROM version of a chemical engineering course were examined. The study consists of three phases. The purpose of phase 1 was to evaluate of the efficacy of CD-ROM for this content and student population. Therefore, we compared the performance of students who…