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Paas, Fred; Ayres, Paul – Educational Psychology Review, 2014
According to cognitive load theory (CLT), the limitations of working memory (WM) in the learning of new tasks together with its ability to cooperate with an unlimited long-term memory (LTM) for familiar tasks enable human beings to deal effectively with complex problems and acquire highly complex knowledge and skills. With regard to WM, CLT has…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Concept Formation, Memory, Instructional Design
Smith, Alexander; Ayres, Paul – Educational Psychology Review, 2014
The study reviewed the evidence that persistent pain has the capacity to interrupt and consume working memory resources. It was argued that individuals with persistent pain essentially operate within a compromised neurocognitive paradigm of limited working memory resources that impairs task performance. Using cognitive load theory as a theoretical…
Descriptors: Pain, Chronic Illness, Short Term Memory, Neurology
van Gog, Tamara; Paas, Fred; Marcus, Nadine; Ayres, Paul; Sweller, John – Educational Psychology Review, 2009
Learning by observing and imitating others has long been recognized as constituting a powerful learning strategy for humans. Recent findings from neuroscience research, more specifically on the mirror neuron system, begin to provide insight into the neural bases of learning by observation and imitation. These findings are discussed here, along…
Descriptors: Learning Strategies, Imitation, Observational Learning, Brain

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