The relative influence of cooperative-competitive social orientation on school achievement for Anglo-American and Mexican-American children was assessed. The importance of competitiveness for Anglo-American children and the moderate relationship of other personality variables to achievement in both groups is shown. (Author/CM)

Using a deep-level processing strategy, low test-anxious college students performed significantly better than high test-anxious students in learning a paired-associate word list. Using a superficial-level processing strategy resulted in no significant difference in performance. A cognitive-attentional theory and test anxiety mechanisms are…

In teachers' classroom utilization of certain means of social influence, coercive power was found to produce the least cheating and the most favorable student attitudes, compared to reward and five other power base strategies utilized. Precautions as to the interpretation and possible application of the findings are discussed. (Author/CM)

Significant correlations between measures of cognitive structure and performance were found using a procedure distinguishing between episodic and semantic memory as an heuristic with achievement test items. The design increased the likelihood of indications of semantic memory. Higher-order and lower-order cognitive processes are discussed.…

Mature and older adult learning programs are shown to be increasing to meet their basic need to know, as defined by Maslow. Four major sociocultural changes are discussed which challenge higher education's youth orientation and offer opportunities for educational psychology research, teaching, and service to support adults' educational needs.…

Learning disabled children in three age groups were found deficient on binary conceptual rule tasks when compared to normal children. A modified reception paradigm using three bidimensional rules and two instructional conditions was used to test the hypothesis that deficient rule learning rather than inattention is responsible for poor learning in…

The Piagetian developmental stage of concrete operational thought and the theoretical groupement structures underlying children's performance of 12 concrete operations tasks are discussed. Tasks were shown to develop in five related sets. Three factor structures were found in this longitudinal study. (Author/CM)

In a two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni-type follow-up to detect biased items on Forms A and B of the test found that bias-in-item difficulty occurred for the Mexican-American and White groups. The need to examine the issue and reconsider popular conceptualizations of bias in testing is shown. (Author/CM)

Definite increases toward internal control were shown in an experimental group which experienced relaxation, suggestion, and imagery (RSI) procedures and a control group which discussed ways of modifying locus of control in a study of Rotter's concept. The experimental group's posttreatment scores on Rotter's internal-external scale were…

Using a lexical decision task, the effects of frequency and number of meanings show that different patterns of results emerge for fast and slow readers. For fast readers there are general effects of both frequency and numbers of meanings; for slow readers the effects are considerably attenuated. (Author/CM)

Although questioning is of interest to many fields, multidisciplinary approaches are rare. To reveal interrelationships between various literatures, a framework is formulated. The literatures on questioning in different fields are surveyed and compared. (Author/GK)

The binomial effect size display (BESD) displays the change in success rate attributable to a treatment procedure. It is readily understandable, applicable in varied contexts, and conveniently computed. (Author/GK)

An analysis of college student attitudes indicated that male and female instructors are placed within a unitary perceptual frame of reference. However, women were perceived as warmer and more potent individuals and were required by their students to offer greater interpersonal support. (Author/GK)

This study focuses on the relative importance attached to selected undergraduate teaching goals. Results support the merits of Holland's Theory as a conceptual framework guiding formulation of academic policies and investigations of discipline-based differences in attitudes and activities of academic professionals. (Author/GK)

A distinctiveness of encoding hypothesis, as applied to the facilitative effects that higher order objectives have on readers' prose recall, was evaluated in three experiments. Results suggest that distinctiveness of encoding may offer a theoretical basis for the effects of adjunct aids as well as a guide to their construction. (Author/GK)