The Classroom Strategy Survey (CSS) is an investigation of teachers' thinking about strategies for coping with 12 types of problem students. Teachers were interviewed with a series of vignettes. This report deals with teachers' responses to the vignettes. (Author/GK)

Comprehension was compared for speeded reading and listening to compressed speech. No difference between reading and listening comprehension was found at any of the speeds or difficulty levels, contrary to previous suggestions of a listening disadvantage. (Author/GK)

This study sought to answer whether children can adjust their evaluation of essays according to standards expressed in the instructions. The question of whether the relative difficulty of detecting inconsistencies and falsehoods depends on the type of problem children are trying to find was addressed. (Author/GK)

The proposition was investigated that concept learning is a twofold process: acquisition of a prototype and development of generalization and discrimination skills. The assumption that formative evaluation procedures are necessary when attempting to prepare better instructional treatments for improved student performance was tested. (Author/GK)

The hypothesis that college students' overall level of course achievement would be related positively to the accuracy of their performance evaluations and knowledge of the instructor's grading criteria was tested. Results showed no difference in poor and good students' accuracy at evaluating the course performance of others. (Author/GK)

The effectiveness of the mnemonic keyword method was examined in four experiments with college students learning lists of pairs of Spanish nouns and their English equivalents. Implications for the further study and application of the keyword method are discussed. (Author/GK)

This study investigated the effects of learner-generated pictures on science learning relative to both a verbal strategy and a control condition, and to determine the role of individual differences. Results revealed weak effects favoring a drawing strategy for males and females, and a holistic strategy for females only. (Author/GK)

Reading comprehension must involve an interaction between the reader's world knowledge and the incoming linguistic message. After examining the measurement of reading comprehension from this perspective, we conclude that existing tests are likely to be unsatisfactory for the purposes of assessing educational gain and diagnosing reading difficulty.…

Taking a test on a passage one has just studied is known to enhance later retention. This effect was influenced by the type of initial test used. It was evident in the case of the initial short-answer test, but not in the case of multiple choice and free recall tests. (Author/RD)

This study examined the utility of intact and embedded headings as processing aids with nonnarrative text. College students provided with text containing intact and embedded headings outperformed students whose text did not contain these processing aids, especially at delayed testing. Implications of these results and future research issues are…

This study investigated the extent to which various latent class models adequately described elementary rule-governed mathematical behaviors. Children were given a fraction concepts test. Results supported the adoption of a set of three-class models including a mastery class, a nonmastery class, and a transitional class to describe the data.…

There exists a controversy as to whether or not minimal competency testing in the area is a sound educational practice. A review of reading research in three areas, developmental reading, functional reading and recreational reading was conducted to provide data relevant to the controversy. (RD)

Recent trends in mathematics education, including instruction, curriculum, and defining the basic skills in mathematics are reviewed. Also reviewed is research addressed to whether mathematics achievement is declining. The authors conclude that computation remains a primary focus of curricula and that most teachers continue to teach as they were…

The authors contrast the views of those who advocate a back-to-basics approach to language arts education with research findings on language arts basics. The authors are critical of the former, product centered approach which stresses conformity. Research supports an approach which is student centered. (Author/RD)

Both historical and recent trends in science education and social studies education are reviewed. The impact of the back-to-basics movement in both science and social studies education is considered. (RD)