This study offers an analysis of bilingual acquisition with particular emphasis on conditions that required the child to use negative syntactic structures. English monolinguals scored differently than bilinguals in English. There also was evidence that Spanish negative constructions were used in English negative constructions. (Author/BW)

Kelley's cube model of causal inferences was investigated by relating high and low students' attributions to reported affect and expectations. Low and high scoring students clustered in different cells of the cube. Predictions concerning estimates of distinctiveness, consistency, and consensus and their relation to affect and expectations were…

This article describes the development and validation of an instrument to assess adults' orientations toward control versus autonomy in their interactions with children. The responses from 68 teachers had a good range and were internally consistent and temporally stable. Further, the measure was shown to be externally valid. (Author/BW)

Eighty-four sixth-grade students were assigned to three conditions, and studied two controversial issues with materials representing both pro and con views. Controversy, compared with concurrence seeking and individualistic study, promoted higher achievement and retention, greater search for information, more cognitive rehearsal, and positive…

Sixty sixth graders were assessed for their level of moral development and rated by their teachers on classroom conduct. Children who employed lower stages of moral reasoning displayed more conduct problems and displayed more variability in their conduct ratings. (Author/BW)

A secondary analysis was conducted to test the validity of five behaviors from five classroom observation systems: approves/praises; asks questions; criticizes/disapproves; gives directions; and presents facts or judgments. Scores for each were intercorrelated and arranged in a multitrait-multimethod matrix. Evidence was found of construct…

High school students read and rated descriptions of teachers (Experiment 1) and teachers read and rated descriptions of students (Experiment 2) that varied across sex and sex-role behavior. Male students were less positive in their evaluations of teachers than were females. Male teachers were rated more highly than female teachers. (Author/BW)

Thirty learning disabled children were randomly assigned to two conditions focusing on sentence comprehension: a sentence anagram/word grouping treatment and a more traditional sentence study treatment. Subjects in the sentence anagram/word grouping condition had significantly higher cloze scores. (Author/BW)

Sixty fifth-grade students were randomly assigned to a group to be trained in solving Inhelder and Piaget's pendulum problem by Siegler's method or to a control group. A significant training effect was found. A weak transfer effect was found, but delayed performance showed no training effect. (Author/BW)

The purpose of this study was to determine which of nine Piagetian tasks could function as a measure of a child's cognitive developmental readiness for reading and mathematics. Second, an attempt was made to identify patterns of acquisition of the component skills associated with seriation, classification, and conservation. (Author/BW)

One of three motivators (ridicule, insult, gentle reminder) or one of three controls was included in a handout of course reading assignments. Although the gentle reminder and insult increased test scores somewhat, only ridicule produced a significant increase in information acquisition. Sex differences were found for the insult versus ridicule…

The acquisition by preadolescent and late adolescent students of two kinds of information from brief texts was assessed: premise information and inference information. Age differences were obtained in inference performance. However, when the texts provided sufficient contextual support, the inference performance of preadolescents was equivalent to…

This research examined the possibility that readers would differentially recall passage material as a result of differing levels of processing during reading. The results seem to indicate that what readers remember from reading passages is determined by the activities they engage in during reading. (Author/BW)

Subjects completed a self-paced lesson on math rules in which the number of supporting examples was adapted to pretest scores through program control, selected through learner control, or kept constant (nonadaptive). Program control means were consistently highest while learner control means were lowest. (Author/BW)

The determinants of achievement were compared under conventional and self-paced mastery examination schedules in an anatomy/physiology course. General scholastic ability did not interact with method, but prior preparation in science did. Students with less science preparation showed greater achievement under self-paced mastery testing than their…