Problems that international students deal with as they adjust to living in the United States are presented, and their implications for mutual cooperation once students return to their homelands are discussed. Some practical steps that might be taken to relieve many of the problems described are suggested. (BW)

The appropriateness of within-course time series analyses for instructor ratings and the potency of inducing rater perceptions of the rating process as an interactive variable in course evaluations were assessed. A specific positive psychological set prior to evaluation tended to produce more favorable evaluations than general, brief instructions.…

The author examined the prevalence of multiple operational definitions of outcome constructs and an estimate of the incidence of Type I error rates when univariate procedures were applied to multiple variables in educational psychology. Multiple operational definitions of constructs were advocated and wider use of multivariate analysis was…

Children in kindergarten and first grade were rewarded for telling stories about fantasy figures, then encouraged to donate their rewards to handicapped children. Main effects were found only for grade, with first-grade children donating more than kindergarten children. Type of story had a greater influence on first grader's donations. (Author/DWH)

Student teachers' performances were examined in relation to age, prior teaching experience, scholastic aptitude, teaching attitudes, moral reasoning ability, conceptual level, and ego development. Performance was found to be most dependent on ego development, and to a much lesser degree on other characteristics. (Author/DWH)

The importance of several causes of examination outcomes prior to and after taking a course exam were rated by undergraduate freshmen and advanced psychology students serving as proctors. Freshmen rated proctor characteristics as more important than their own as determinants of exam outcomes. Positivity, rather than egotism, biases were operative.…

The relative contributions of learning style dimensions, intelligence quotient, and their interactions to prediction of academic performance were examined. Kindergarten students were evaluated, and their first grade achievement was studied. Although IQ was found the better predictor, learning styles accounted for statistically significant…

Types of comparisons for evaluation of mnemonics were identified based on equating exposure to the to-be-learned associations or on total study time. Experiments on the cueword method illustrated how highly analytical experiments on mnemonics might be conducted and how choice of comparisons in research could affect mnemonic evaluation. (Author/DWH)

The effects of structured academic conflict, controversy, and debate were compared with individual study. Results indicated controversy promoted the most cross-ethnic verbal rehearsal and exchange of assigned material, concern that all students master assignments, active search for information, highest self-esteem, and accepting and supportive…

The release from proactive interference task as used to investigate categorical encoding of items. Low socioeconomic status Black and middle socioeconomic status White children were compared. Conceptual encoding differences between these populations were not detected in automatic conceptual encoding but were detected when the free recall method…

An investigation was conducted to determine whether a self-instructional method of attribution training could effectively alter academic task persistence and effort attributions for success and failure. Results indicated that experimental groups of students receiving self-instructional attribution training evidenced significant differences from…

Age differences in memory performance have been ascribed to corresponding differences in the effectiveness of mental memorization procedures. A comparative assessment of opportunity and capability hypotheses is evaluated with reference to results of previous studies of procedural maintenance and transfer following instruction, using a sample of…

Using a developed structural schema specifying the categories of knowledge important to understanding a scientific theory, two experiments involving 82 undergraduates were conducted to assess the effects of structural schema training and text organization on the comprehension and recall of scientific prose. (Author/PN)

A spatial-arrangement or word-arrangement mnemonic experiment was conducted in which college students studied six lists of 12 words each under conditions of word pattern and/or mnemonic instruction. Both the link mnemonic and distinctive word arrangements enhanced recall during acquisition, but only word-arrangement had a significant effect on…

Elementary school children were interviewed about their perceptions of school in two domains. The action domain tapped perceptions of their actual and ideal prerogatives with respect to privacy, territoriality, and decision making. The value domain addressed children's evaluations of the school as a safe, just, responsive, important, and liked…