The effectiveness of having 51 students generate their own headings for scientific text is assessed. Results reveal that generating headings enhances performance on a number of recall measures compared to either author-provided headings or no headings. (Author)

A three-step simulation was developed to reflect procedures followed by educational personnel (n=223) when a child is referred by the classroom teacher: (1) receipt of the referral statement, (2) assessment of the student, and (3) decision making about the student's eligibility and classification. (Author/PN)

The relationship between an affective teacher characteristic (a component of achievement motivation called success orientation) and changes in two affective outcomes of pupils (attitude toward learning and perceived personal control of one's own academic success and failure) was investigated. (Author/PN)

The correlation of Guilford and Torrance measures over a two-year period and the relationship of teacher ratings of childrens' behavioral characteristics to creativity test performance over that same interval were examined. (Author)

First-, second-, and third-grade readers were asked to pick items that differed in terms of a rule-governed description of orthographic structure. Task performance improved with school experience. Reading ability was positively correlated with knowledge of orthographic structure for young readers. (Author/PN)

Family background data and California Psychological Inventory (CPI) protocols were obtained from 1643 Greek students from 19 schools in the City of Athens. The CPI measures showed sufficient predictive validity in this cross-cultural application to warrant further research at higher educational levels, and in special subgroups such as the…

The effect of cooperative and individualistic learning experiences within which majority students worked with lower-achieving minority peers were compared. The results support the position that cooperative experiences result in liking regardless of the ethnic membership or achievement level of collaborators. (Author/PN)

The content of 228 college student's writing samples appears to be a main determiner of how many and what types of preposition errors will appear. These results indicate that preposition errors point to cognitive lags and complex, abstract writing tasks may be the appropriate treatment. (Author/PN)

This is a review of articles on different subprocesses in academic self-regulation, self-systems, instructional context management, socialization of children, metacognitive functioning, and self-verbalization. Conclusions show relevance for self-regulated learning theories in research design and in directing students toward self-reliance. (JAZ)

Theoretical and empirical support for a preliminary causal model of the role of the self-system in self-regulated learning is presented. The model hypothesizes that the reciprocal relationship between the processes involved, such as self-evaluation and control, can bring change that influences motivation, self regulatory processes, and task…

In self-regulated learning, metacognitive components are necessary but insufficient. There is a need for a strong learning intention which can compete with other goals, interests, and distracting stimuli. Task accomplishment is an important factor in continued motivation and intention. (JAZ)

Verbalization helps children to develop self-regulated learning of cognitive skills. It can improve children's attention to task-relevant features and can enhance coding, storage, and retention of materials. As a systematic approach for improving learning, it can raise self-efficacy. (JAZ)

This paper presents a model for the study of self-instructive learning. The model is based on the assumption that individual differences in self-instructive abilities affect student learning. Application of the model in a classroom situation is discussed. (JAZ)

Principles arising from aspects of Vygotsky's ideas for the development of self regulation and from cognitive social learning theory are discussed. It is suggested that present methods of teaching mathematics are not adequate and that the use of instructional technology is needed to overcome the shortcomings. (JAZ)

This study examines children's knowledge of structural properties of expository text: topical relatedness, superordination, and cohesion. Nearly all who completed the paragraph-construction tasks were able to identify paragraphs. Seventh-graders were adept at describing what makes a paragraph but experienced difficulty in placing main-idea…