A combination of methods--portfolios, direct observation, assessment centers, and better tests--can compensate for one another's shortcomings and reflect the richness and complexity of teaching. (Author/TE)

Idea man par excellence, Lee Shulman has long set directions for research on teaching. After founding and directing the Institute for Research on Teaching at Michigan State University, Shulman, now at Stanford, continues his far-reaching investigations into the interplay of content and pedagogy and into assessments of teaching that faithfully…

By granting teachers greater empowerment and higher compensation in return for closer involvement with students, Rochester City School District is seeking to make public schools successful for all students. (Author/TE)

In Rochester, New York, the Teachers Association and the school distict have an unusual contract that mandates new roles and responsibilities for classroom teachers as well as new levels of reimbursement. Principals and central office staff have new roles as facilitators and look forward to the challenges and rewards of shared governance. (TE)

Contends that replacing administrators by teacher committees will not solve management problems and will give teacher unions too much power in the management of schools. (Author/TE)

The Mastery in Learning Project is helping teachers and administrators overcome the isolation of their traditional roles to become professional collaborators. (Author/TE)

By examining the role of the teacher in Japanese schools, we can discover directions to follow and to avoid in developing the teaching profession in our own country. (Author/TE)

Peer evaluators and multiple data sources are effective elements of Tennessee's career ladder system, but the assessment of teaching remains far from simple. (Author/TE)

Effective teacher incentive systems should reflect the principles that intrinsic rewards are more powerful than extrinsic ones and that encouraging collegiality is preferable to rewarding individual teachers. (Author/TE)

Reviews learning strategies articles appearing in the same "Educational Leadership" issue. Most authors do not argue for teaching learning strategies apart from regular course content and present techniques (summary writing, elaboration, and graphic representation) that can be used in many different applications. In contrast, the Hunter model is…

Discusses specific learning strategy tactics for acquiring verbal knowledge basic to certain disciplines, procedural skills (reading, using language, and problem solving), and self-motivation techniques applicable to all types of learning situations. All three tactics are necessary for creating a well-structured knowledge base. Includes 21…

Highlights new directions in cognitive research. Instead of searching for universally valid principles, new style reseachers are studying how people learn particular things in particular environments. Findings need to be corroborated by numerous researchers using a variety of observational and experimental methodologies. Includes two references.…

When teachers promote rote memorization as a single strategy, they foster only limited, short-term information retention. Elaboration strategies (creating analogies, paraphrasing, and summarizing) are stressed by the Cognitive Learning Strategies Project at the University of Texas. Includes three references. (MLH)

Graphic representations help learners comprehend, summarize, and synthesize complex ideas in ways that often surpass verbal statements. This article provides visual illustrations and presents a five-step process for training students to use graphic outlining techniques. Includes 17 references. (MLH)

The summary writer must decide what to include and exclude, how to reword or reorganize information, and how to remain true to the original's meaning. This article discusses simple precepts teachers can use to help students learn to select important ideas and condense text. Includes 19 references. (MLH)