The lockdowns that began during the spring of 2020 changed the conditions for teaching and assessment across the globe. In Norway, schools were closed, and all school activities took place online. Moreover, all final exams were canceled, and all student grading was based on final grading by the individual teacher. Because of this, teachers'…

The Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale (CTAS) is a unidimensional scale designed to measure the cognitive aspect of test anxiety. The instrument has been adapted in several countries, and convincing psychometric properties have been found; however, uncertainties remain regarding its factor structure. Therefore, the aim of this study is twofold: to…

The transition from secondary to tertiary education varies from country to country. In many countries, secondary school is concluded with high-stakes, national exams, or high-stakes entry tests are used for admissions to tertiary education. In other countries, secondary-school grade point average (GPA) is the determining factor. In the…

Some statewide testing programs allow students to receive corrective feedback and revise their answers during testing. Despite its pedagogical benefits, the effects of providing revision opportunities remain unknown in the context of alternate assessments. Therefore, this study examined student data from a large-scale alternate assessment that…

In the United States, opposition to traditional standardized tests is widespread, particularly obvious in the admissions context but also evident in elementary and secondary education. This opposition is fueled in significant part by the perception that tests perpetuate social injustice through their content, design, and use. To survive, as well…

In a justice-oriented antiracist assessment process, attention to the disruption of white supremacy must occur at every stage--from construct articulation to score reporting. An important step in the assessment development process is the item review stage often referred to as Bias/Fairness and Sensitivity Review. I argue that typical approaches to…

Internationally, mathematics education reform has been directed toward characterizing educational goals that go beyond topic/content/skill descriptions and develop students' problem solving. The Revised Bloom's Taxonomy and MATH (Mathematical Assessment Task Hierarchy) Taxonomy characterize such goals. University entrance examinations have been…

Process data from educational assessments enhance the understanding of how students answer cognitive items. However, effectively making use of these data is challenging. We propose an approach to identify solution patterns from operation sequences and response times by generating networks from process data and defining network features that…

Much of what we know about how children develop is based on survey data. In order to estimate growth across time and, thereby, better understand that development, short survey scales are typically administered at repeated timepoints. Before estimating growth, those repeated measures must be put onto the same scale. Yet, little research examines…

This study examines public opinion about the National Assessment Program--Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) in Australia, based on an online survey conducted with a sample of New South Wales (NSW) residents (n = 2,017). Our study participants did recognize the benefits of NAPLAN despite their opinion generally trending toward negative viewpoints of…

Questioning individuals about future behavior influences the subsequent performance of that behavior. This question-behavior effect may be enhanced when questions include positive self-identity prompts. To evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention in a testing context, we randomly assigned examinees to one of three conditions prior to…

This article reports on two quantitative studies of English learners' (ELs) interactions with constructed-response items from a Grade 5 state science test. Study 1 investigated the relationships between the constructed-response item-level variables of English Reading Demand, English Writing Demand, and Background Knowledge Demand and the…

Diagnostic classification models (DCMs) are psychometric models that provide probabilistic classifications of examinees on a set of discrete latent attributes. When analyzing or constructing assessments scored by DCMs, understanding how each item influences attribute classifications can clarify the meaning of the measured constructs, facilitate…

Implementing a randomized controlled trial design, the present study investigated the effects of two types of accommodations, linguistic modification and a glossary, for English learners (ELs) taking a computer-based mathematics assessment. Process data including response time and clicks on glossary words were also examined to better interpret…

Since the standards-based assessment practices required by the No Child Left Behind legislation, almost all students in the United States are "labeled" according to their performance on educational achievement tests. In spite of their widespread use in reporting test results, research on how achievement level labels are perceived by…