Background: Using meta-analytic review techniques, this study synthesized the results of 79 unpublished studies about the nature of transformational school leadership (TSL) and its impact on the school organization, teachers, and students. This corpus of research associates TSL with 11 specific leadership practices. These practices, as a whole,…

Purpose: This article describes and reports the results of testing a new conception of how leadership influences student learning ("The Four Paths"). Framework: Leadership influence is conceptualized as flowing along four paths (Rational, Emotions, Organizational, and Family) toward student learning. Each path is populated by multiple variables…

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the impact of collective, or shared, leadership on key teacher variables and on student achievement. As well, it inquired about the relative contribution of different sources of such leadership and whether differences among patterns of collective leadership were related to differences in student achievement.…

Purposes: This study aimed to improve our understanding of the nature, causes and consequence of school leader efficacy, including indirect influences on student learning. We asked about district contributions to school leader efficacy, whether leader self- and collective efficacy responded to the same or different district conditions and the…

Guided by a synthesis of theory on human motivation and evidence about teachers' motivation to implement school reform, study aims to better understand the responses of teachers and school administrators to government accountability initiatives and to assess the extent to which leadership practices had a bearing on those responses. (Contains 65…

Synthesizes evidence from three independent studies of conditions fostering organizational learning in schools conducted in different contexts, but using comparable methods. The purpose was to identify such conditions from state, district, and school sources, relying on qualitative data from 111 teachers in 14 schools. Collegial atmosphere and…

Develops a theoretical account of how teachers' perceptions of transformational leadership are formed. Provides an empirical test of this theory, which explains formation of teachers' leader perceptions as a function of alterable school-context conditions and unalterable characteristics of leaders and followers. Survey results from 423 schools…

School restructuring creates new expectations of administrators that transcend instructional leadership notions. Describes a 4-year research program exploring transformational forms of leadership in restructuring schools. Summarizes evidence about transformational leadership practices and behaviors, their effects on school and teacher variables,…