For 46 years, the United States Department of Education (USDOE) has used the Title I program as a means of helping school districts increase educational opportunities for low-income students. In the past 10 years alone, the federal government has expended over $140 billion on Title I, yet many observers feel it has fallen well short of its mark of expanding and improving educational programs for America's neediest children. The time is right for major changes to the way funding for Title I works--specifically the uneven way in which funds are distributed. This issue of "The Progress of Education Reform" examines inequities in how Title I funds are distributed, and proposes changes that address three key factors. (Contains 2 endnotes.)