The focus of this manuscript is on the challenges faced by individuals with developmental and intellectual disabilities within the criminal justice system. Prevalence data are cited and these data are interpreted in light of possible rationales for the disproportionate number of individuals with disabilities present within the system. Then the specific challenges faced by individuals with disabilities are discussed within the context of three key elements of the criminal justice system: interrogation and arrest, prosecution, and sentencing and disposition. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of this information for life skills instruction and transition planning. Specific recommendations are provided in terms of curriculum and instruction as well as community advocacy. (Contains 1 table.)