This paper proposes a setting of "exemplarity" different from the already known one, which is basically a Romanticist philosophical setting. Our general aim is to describe and explore the nature of some "exemplary themes" and "interpretive models" in advanced mathematics teaching and learning. In order to do so, we move from Romanticism towards the viewpoint of Modern Hermeneutics, by applying ideas appearing mainly in Gadamer and Ricoeur. We use this new setting as a philosophical framework, to interpret some results from two didactical research studies that have already appeared on infinitesimals.