Seventeen children ages 9-11 participated in reviewing or debriefing techniques for use in outdoor activities, including active (drama), written, and graphical (pictorial) reviews, then answered a questionnaire evaluating the techniques. The children enjoyed and understood active reviewing the best, disliked written reviews, and found pictorial…

An outdoor educator reflects on the changing nature of outdoor education, including a lack of interest and excitement among children regarding the outdoors, the inability of children to sustain physical activity, government's failure to assess children's educational needs, poor government support for outdoor programs, and the effect of inferior…

Describes techniques for teachers to use during rock climbing and ropes courses in order to challenge participants to succeed, including validating participants' feelings; explaining expectations of the activity such as safety, maintaining respect for others, and challenging physical and emotional limits; establishing participant goals; and…

Addresses the problem of sexist language use in outdoor education. Suggests the use of gender-free language, including using appropriate pronouns, avoiding irrelevant modifiers, abstaining from referring to women in terms of appearance or marital status; avoiding the use of patronizing terms; and increasing the number of examples showing women in…

Analyzes the cognitive processes and kinds of knowledge needed to work in a scientific domain like physics. Discusses the processes needed to interpret scientific concepts, uses of quantitative and qualitative descriptions, hierarchical ways of organizing scientific knowledge, and processes facilitating problem solving. Describes the use of these…

Uses a modified Chambers' Draw-a-Scientist Test (DAST) to examine elementary and middle school students' (n=289) images of science and scientists. Reports an increase in sophistication and complexity in the images according to progressively higher grade levels. Concludes that students often draw images strikingly similar to those presented in…

Compares the effects of using two- and three-dimensional model representations of molecular structures on student learning of organic chemical structures. Reports that students using both three-dimensional computer models and ball-and-stick models scored higher on the three-dimensional retention test of isomeric identification but lower on a…

Examines the effects of an increase in the number of required science courses in the elementary teacher education program that was the result of a previous study on knowledge and efficacy beliefs among preservice elementary teachers regarding science education. Reports that science content knowledge did not increase but there were positive changes…

Surveyed undergraduates (N=300) to gain an appreciation of the collusion rate of college students in science classes. Reports that 83% of the respondents had cheated in science sometime in their lives, the vast majority had shared homework answers, and over three quarters of the students admitted to cheating on large exams and major projects.…

Examines some misuses of technology and explores the use of technology in the context of educational reform. Focuses on the integration of technology in the educational process to provide a learning environment that allows discovery and creativity. Concludes that teachers need to be trained to evaluate and select systems that are effective for…

Examines the effects of wartime trauma on the artistic expression of 35 Bosnian and Croatian children, ages 4-12. Discusses their cognitive development in terms of the Intuitive-Symbolic and Concrete-Operative levels. Includes four examples of representative paintings. (MJP)

Examines five different examples of scribble art with the purpose of entering the experience of the scribbler through empathetic understanding. The participants include a schizophrenic adult; a blind, deaf, and autistic 10-year old; a known artist; a precocious 3-year old; and an elephant. Paper discovers commonalties in their efforts. (MJP)

Focuses on a group of children with moderate learning difficulties who exhibited a lack of interest or enjoyment in drawing. Attributes this to a developmental lag in the use of specific forms and drawing skills. Concludes that nonspecialist teachers could benefit from a greater awareness of developmental stages. (MJP)

Summarizes five research projects concerned with the education of artistically talented students. Projects include interviews, surveys, case studies, comparative studies, and a drawing ability test. Concludes with a look at future directions for research. (MJP)

Attitudes toward censorship of 1,347 undergraduate education students were examined. Survey results indicated that the subjects had a propensity toward permitting free flow of information while objecting to censorship. A significant majority in one or more subgroups favored restricting free flow in certain situations. (SM)