Profiles the numbers and types of Shanghai (China) students studying abroad from 1978 to 1985. Discusses how many went at their own expense, and how many went with governmental support. Identifies ways to ensure students' return because the rationale for studying abroad is to improve the pace and quality of China's modernization. (CH)

Discusses limitations in China's regulations and restrictions concerning students studying abroad. Encourages openness, more funding, allowing for postdoctoral research, increases in time spent abroad, and allowing spouses to visit or accompany students. Quells brain drain fears. Generally urges reform and greater investment in education. (CH)

Presents views of astrophysicist, Fang Lizhi, concerning lack of recognition for roles intellectuals can and should play in Chinese social progress. Laments lack of employment opportunities and intellectuals' tendency to become government lackeys. Challenges intellectuals to become independent, to assume a leading role. Sees hope in the 1980s…

Reports a research project that uses photography in media education at the elementary school level. Outlines why photography is an appropriate medium and describes projects and games the children used to explore the meaning of photographs, particularly those in the family album. (KM)

Describes the objectives and scope of a larger research project on women's experiences in art and art education, in relation to creativity and society. Reviews research on women artists' experiences in the past and compares with data collected in contemporary women artists and students. Proposes to investigate these similarities further. (KM)

Examines how women experience art education in England. Discusses how the assessment method, the studio tutorial, is experienced differently by male and female students. Suggests that teachers should improve their listening skills. Recommends a course in counseling training skills to help improve professors communication skills. (KM)

Analyzes drawings by children from a Dutch East Indies exhibition in 1937 organized by educator Johan Toot. Divides the drawings thematically and discusses how the drawings are influenced by various cultures. Describes how Johan Toot worked to replace rote learning with an activity-based education. (KM)

Increased emphasis on pediatric exercise physiology has led to more sophisticated fitness testing of children. This report of a study of 25 participants in a preschool development program describes procedures and strategies that increase the likelihood of achieving maximal aerobic power in three- through six-year-old children. (Author/IAH)

Data in this survey supports the notion that the trend to eliminate physical education instruction in colleges and universities has ended. A reverse trend appears to be emerging. In addition, numerous changes have occurred in basic instruction in physical education course offerings over the years. (Author/IAH)

In a follow-up survey, talented undergraduate psychology majors (N=22) who participated in an intensive research program reported a greater change in research skills, greater research productivity, and stronger interest in research as a career choice than did the control group (N=21). (IAH)

Minnesota teachers of the year (N=18) were interviewed to identify motivation and organizational incentives for exemplary classroom performance. Values and role behaviors of high-vitality teachers differ from those assumed by rational management models calling for incentives such as increased academic preparation, career ladders, and merit pay.…

Findings from a study of 120 first grade children who had regular access to language arts computer experiences indicate (1) young children do not perceive reading as a female activity; (2) for writing there was no consistent gender association; (3) computer use was seen as a masculine activity by all children. (IAH)

Findings from a study of 42 Israeli elementary schools indicate that schools which adopted technological innovation (open education) were characterized by significantly more of the organizational processes associated with the self-renewing school than when schools which adopted managerial (the management team) or multilevel (the management team…

This article critically discusses the impact that Mao had on the modernization of Chinese educational thought. It also explores the procedures Mao developed to infuse Marxism with Chinese qualities to make it relevant to the Chinese people. (Author/IAH)

This study analyzed factors that contribute to economics learning and attitudes toward economics among high school students taking an economics course. Results indicate a number of teacher, student, course, and school variables that affect economics learning and attitude formation. Textbooks appear to have a significant effect. (Author/IAH)