Critical theory forms the basis of the argument that vocational education should move away from Prosser and Snedden's model toward Dewey's insights about critical democratic pedagogy: making learning relevant, making topics problematic, and fostering reflective thinking, liberatory dialog, cooperative learning, and choice. (SK)

A Delphi survey of 30 vocational education leaders in Nebraska identified 13 critical leadership characteristics, grouped as personal or professional attributes. Among them were openness to change, commitment to technological innovation, and work for the advancement of the profession. (SK)

This history of the Federal Board for Vocational Education, established in 1917, reviews controversies over its constitutionality and control of education; criticism of its director, Charles Prosser; its contributions to vocational education; and reasons it was abolished in 1946. (SK)

Observation of teacher-student interaction in 22 Kentucky postsecondary vocational classrooms showed equitable distribution between males and females; considerably lower volume than in studies of lower-level classes; most interaction as mere acknowledgement of student response; and very little praise or criticism. (SK)

Paul H. Hanus, founder of the Harvard Division of Education and chair of the Massachusetts Commission on Industrial Education (1906-09), believed that vocational education was the chief source of personal usefulness and catalyst for all academic achievement. He emphasized that vocational education can help students apply knowledge to solving…

Presents overview of Erich Fromm's theory of human development with special emphasis on the origin of basic human needs, reciprocal interaction between these needs, and sociocultural structures that mold social character. Describes different types of social character in terms of socioeconomic structures that produce them. Describes features of…

Describes chaos science, model that seeks to explain randomness found in natural systems. Notes that key concepts in chaos theory provide valuable immediate insight into counseling process and potential long-range value in understanding and helping people in development as human beings. Includes case presentation of sixth-grade student and uses…

Examined academic self-concept of 133 undergraduate students who completed Academic Self-Concept Scale. Areas of concern for this sample included academic self-concept; scholastic ability; academic skills; and the students' confidence in the classroom, especially in relationships with instructors. Assertion and time management appeared to be…

Replicated earlier studies on bullying using younger students. Findings from 178 fourth through eighth graders revealed that nearly 90% reported victimization by bullies. Bullying was seen as largely verbal phenomenon, with teasing as most common behavior reported. Although specific rates of bullying and reported trauma were higher among middle…

Preface to two articles in which counselors reflect on the deaths of their fathers sets context for the counselors' personal explorations into the meaning of those deaths. Considers loss and life, the reconstructive self, the challenge to become, and mediating in loss. Poses set of questions to ask when reading following two reflections on the…

Professional counselor reflects on the death of his father. Describes his reactions to his father's death, the day of the death, the day of the funeral, and the son's first Father's Day without his father. (NB)

Professional counselor describes event shared by her family prior to her father's death. Discusses lessons learned which have clarified her feelings about endings and which may be useful to counselors who grapple with the complexity of endings in their personal and professional lives. (Author/NB)

Discusses ways that language misrepresents nature, pointing out that frequently used metaphors and problematic language usage provide limited conceptual and emotional understanding of the natural world and contribute to a degraded view of nature. Discusses strategies for changing language as the first step in changing attitudes toward nature. (LP)

Defines the concept of leadership. Reviews different theories of leadership and how they relate to outdoor leadership. The Conditional Outdoor Leadership Theory is a new approach to leadership based on applying the appropriate leadership style according to importance of task, group relationship, and level of conditional favorability. (LP)

A fabricated conversation between two humans and a dolphin at Marineland illustrates man's relationship to nature and the impact that human actions have on living creatures and the environment, and stresses developing a deeper understanding and value for the natural world and consideration of the universality of continued human error and…