Proposes a national protocol to prevent child abuse and neglect in Africa. Suggests that it be: (1) comprehensive, involving contributions from social service, health, legal, and government agencies; (2) community/neighborhood-based, creating an awareness of family environments; (3) child-centered, taking children seriously as individuals; and (4)…

Used multiple-baseline design to assess the utility of presenting three types of cues when teaching an abstract concept such as colors to three children with autism: plain, label, and symbol. Found colors presented with cues were easier to learn than color without cues. Findings support the need for sensitivity for the highly individualized…

Investigated possible priming effect of two neuropsychological tests, the Booklet Category Test (BCT) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Obtained counterbalanced order effects on like-aged sample of 63 South African elementary school students (normally- achieving, low-functioning, learning-disabled). Found a significant effect of set-shifting…

Presents a model for the relationships between poverty and violence. Argues that exposure to violence may lead to more high-risk behaviors in adolescence and adulthood. Offers a psychoeducational framework for understanding the complex issues posed by damaging effects of violence and poverty on children. Recommends school-based prevention programs…

A study examined appropriateness of the self-monitoring intervention procedure for African children with autism. Tentative comparisons of African data with previously reported data on American children indicated that the concepts underlying the use of self-monitoring as an intervention procedure are relevant and that there was a positive…

Tested appropriateness of a multidimensional, hierarchically ordered model of self-concept for an African sample. Subjects were 215 Xhosa-speaking children in South Africa. Responses to self-description questionnaire suggest the importance of cultural-tendency early-childhood socialization in the conceptualization of multidimensional and…

Administered the Simple Adjective Test to 35 black South-African women in early pregnancy to explore association of maternal dominance and male births. Responses revealed that above-average dominance in mothers may be linked to higher number of male births. (LBT)

Used Learning Process Questionnaire to examine urban South African students' endorsement of various learning approaches. Found that strategies used by students in Western educational contexts were similar to those used by African counterparts. Urban South African responses, compared with counterparts from Nigeria, Australia, and Hong Kong,…

Reviews behavioral and cognitive interventions that are potential models for the treatment of anger and impulsivity in brain injured patients, including a multicomponent treatment approach coupled with cognitive interventions. Proposes strategies to establish a therapeutic relationship with angry, impulsive patients. Examines models for treating…

Discusses the role confusion early intervention counselors in South Africa are likely to face, urging a distinction between disciplinary counseling and developmental counseling. Addresses particularly the black counselor's role in South Africa's caregiving system, highlighting the importance of issues of cultural diversity and sensitivity. (EV)

Considers the definition and assessment of creativity, a framework for understanding what occurs during the creative thinking process, and how the caregiver, educator, or helping professional can develop creativity to find solutions to caregiving or managerial problems. Discusses the attributes of creative individuals, and is the importance of…

Illustrates the important roles that fathers and mothers play in helping the family to connect and in encouraging their children's autonomy. Claims that fathers have the same physiological response to an infant's cry and go through the same sequence of earliest parental behaviors as mothers. Concludes that there is no biological imperative…

Describes assessment and successful treatment of a preadolescent with erratic toileting behavior and related social skills difficulties. Treatment included monitoring of bowel movements, using a star chart, and applying rewards as positive reinforcement of acceptable behavior. (HTH)

Randomly surveyed 2,201 young adults in Zimbabwe regarding sexual behavior, HIV-related risk reduction, attitudes toward condom use, experiences with deception when dating during the preceding 2 months, and psychological factors theoretically pertinent to AIDS risk. Argues that personality and psychological adjustment are important predictors of…

Replicated a study of the relationship between children's self-esteem and communication skills. Fourth- and fifth-grade students completed instruments on self-esteem and communication skills then received a four-session treatment on techniques for effective communication. Results indicated moderately improved communication skills but only marginal…