Study looks at whether spatial memory is automatic by examining the effects of intentionality and attention to contextual organization in spatial memory. The pattern of results demonstrated that reconstruction was enhanced by intentionality or by the goal-relevant activity of attending to contextual spatial relations. (Author/RWB)

Compares older adults' text recall and study strategies with those of two groups of young adults. One of the latter groups was enrolled in classes; the other was not. Findings suggest that memory differences between old and young may result as much from cultural factors as from biological deterioration. (Author/RWB)

Evaluated the extent to which the Graduate Record Examinations General Test measures the same constructs for older test takers that it does for younger examinees. Results suggest that the convergent validity of the test is similar across the age groups, but discriminant validity is somewhat different for older examinees. (Author/RWB)

Examines the influence on children's social development of variation in the quality of child care environments. Findings suggest that overall quality, caregiver-child verbal interactions, and director experience were each highly predictive of the children's social development in day care. (Author/RWB)

Examines the development of feminine and masculine patterns of sexual identity in boyhood and the relation between these patterns and later sexual orientation. (Author/RWB)

Sex biases in children's sociometric preferences were examined developmentally using rating-scale data from 195 girls and 191 boys in kindergarten through the third grade (Study 1) and from 91 girls and 88 boys in the third through sixth grades (Study 2). (Author/RWB)

Examined the effects of acquaintanceship on school-age children's interactions with respect to these specific components: (1) information exchange; (2) engagement in mutual activities; (3) negative evaluations of the other; and (4) efforts to direct other's behavior. (Author/RWB)

The Junior Self-Monitoring Scale, a new measure, was developed and related to individual differences in children's tendencies to engage in social comparison when making decisions. This study demonstrated that children scoring high in self-monitoring were more likely than low self-monitoring children to attend to the decisions of other children.…

Study examined whether 50 Korean children made conceptual distinctions between morality and social convention. Findings indicated that, at all ages, children treated moral transgressions as more generally wrong and independent of rules than conventional transgressions. (Author/RWB)

Used a longitudinal design to test the effects of life events experienced by young adolescents and their parents. Criteria were the adolescents' depression, anxiety and self-esteem. Analysis showed a significant effect for the adolescents' controllable, but not uncontrollable, negative events. (Author/RWB)

A longitudinal study investigated variations in the coping patterns of 52 married men who experienced infertility problems in their first marriage. Styles of coping considered were initial substitutes, subsequent parenting resolutions, and final marital outcomes and the impact of these variations on the men's subsequent success in achieving…

In three experiments, performance of children in grades ranging from 1 to 9 was investigated in a repeated trials, free recall experiment. Although performance on the accuracy and clustering measures increased with grade, interactions between grade and other independent variables were generally lacking. (Author/WY)