Studies 12- to 24-month-olds in a series of videotaped tasks assessing single object manipulation, relational play, pretend play, distractibility and persistence. Develops eight relatively subtle measures of three aspects of individual differences in infant behavior: developmental level, attention span, and exploratory diversity. (Author/NH)

Reports study of 4- and 5-year-old children, finding (a) that young children's moral intuition about lying is quite advanced as compared to their definition of "to lie" and (b) that children's realist definition of "to lie" carries a strong negative moral connotation that overrides their usual subjectivist moral intuitions. (Author/NH)

Studies the processes of development in Kohlberg's (1981) moral systems and in Haan's (1983) interactional formulation, by comparing the effects of two curricular experiences for university students. The experiences were: discussion of hypothetical dilemmas which was designed to promote cognitive disequilibrium, and playing moral games, which was…

Two studies examine the stability of existing friendships and the formation of new friendships during a school year, for children in Grades 1, 4, and 8. Most friendships present in the fall of the school year remained constant in the spring. The formation of new friendships varied consistently with age. (Author/NH)

Uses the Network of Relationships Inventory to assess 10 qualities of children's relationships with mothers, fathers, siblings, grandparents, friends, and teachers. (NH)

Investigates differences in loneliness involving parents and peers. The relations between loneliness, choices of a "first-comfort figure", and social sensitivity as perceived by peers were also studied. (Author/NH)

Administered measures of negative and positive life experiences and psychological distress to early adolescents on two occasions about 5 months apart. Results are reported and compared with previous studies of adult life events and suggest importance of ongoing stressful processes as engendering both maladjustment and stressful events in lives of…

Supports the prediction that the influence of a female protagonist's appearance on children's perceptions would decrease with age, whereas the influence of her behavior would increase. (NH)

Studies young children's behavior regarding acceptability of objects (cookie, comb and juice) that were contaminated with insects or human hair. (NH)

First- and fourth-grade children who were given the opportunity to compare performances with a similarly performing peer (a) chose to compare more often, (b) persisted at the task for more trials, and (c) self-rewarded on a smaller proportion of the trials, than did children offered comparison with a consistently superior or inferior peer.…

Thirty boys and thirty girls in each of four age groups evaluated fathers' discipline techniques over a range of situations in which a culprit was described as having transgressed. The techniques consisted of induction, physical punishment, love withdrawal, and permissiveness. Evaluations were determined more by the nature of the child making the…

Based on observations of children ages 21-25 months in play groups, investigates reactions of both peers and teachers to behaviors that could be identified and coded as male, female, or neutral. (Author/NH)

Explores children's judgments of the relative effectiveness of four memory strategies (looking, naming, rehearsing, and categorizing.) Strategy judgment data were analyzed using Thurstone's Method of Paired Comparisons. (Author/NH)

Demonstrates young children's shift toward a taxonomic basis for organization of both named and depicted objects. Concludes that perceptual organization in young children cannot be attributed to an inability to ignore visual information but seems to be based upon the centrality of perceptual features to the representation of objects. (Author/NH)

Investigates the extent to which the high levels of recall and organization observed when children are asked to recall classmates' names (class recall) can be attributed to organizational versus item-specific effects. (Author/NH)