Development of the ability to classify auditory patterns was studied at grades 2, 6, 10, and 12 and at adult age levels. Both accuracy and feature use in classification were consistent across age; the age changes that did occur appeared to be due to differences in perception rather than process. (JMB)

Examined four variables affecting children's resistance to deviation: (1) modeling resistance to deviation, (2) modeling alternative activity incompatible with deviation; (3) availability of alternative activity, and (4) attractiveness of alternative activity. It was concluded that the modeling of behavioral inhibition and incompatible responses…

This study was designed to determine why children at the transitional stage of operational development base their moral judgments on the objective consequences of another's act rather than on the other's intentions. The results confirmed the existence of a production deficiency as opposed to a mediational deficiency. (JMB)

The retesting of 88 adolescents on three measures of moral judgment after two years revealed significant developmental changes. Differences were found between younger and older groups and between college and noncollege subjects, but not between sexes. Comparisons with Kohlberg's test, construct validity, and analysis of developmental change are…

This study examined the effects of aid from mother and older sibling on the problem-solving behaviors of 120 first graders. Children with older sisters showed more advanced problem solving after aid, while those with older brothers did not. Interpretations in terms of family interaction patterns are offered. (JMB)

This study found evidence for the emergence of a negation strategy prior to the statistically significant increase in antonym responding. The hypothesis that the marked member of an antonym pair is abstracted independently from learned contexts prior to its relating with the other member in the pair was supported. (JMB)

The relationships between mothers' and children's speech were analyzed with regard to complexity and usage of selected speech types. The findings suggest that the responsiveness of child speech to mothers' speech seems to influence the mothers' language complexity, allowing the child to exert an influence on his language environment. (JMB)

The parental antecedents of overt child compliance were investigated by home observation of 136, 2 1/2-year-old male twins and singletons. The findings stress the impact of "power assertion" in the immediate situation, but an analysis of long-term effects support a cognitive view of child rearing. (JMB)

This study found that 3-year-olds instructed to remember a particular location in a memory task engaged in deliberate behaviors which were positively related to later recall. This was not true for 3-year-olds instructed only to wait or for 2-year-olds in either instructional condition. (JMB)

Twenty preschool children and their mothers were observed interacting verbally in an unstructured situation. Close mutual adaptation of both partners was demonstrated. Correlational patterns allowed the abstraction of primitive and advanced clusters of language-teaching/learning behaviors. (JMB)

To evaluate the hypothesis that memories are related to operative levels, children were shown pictures involving seriation, horizontality, and verticality and were asked to reproduce them 1 week and 5 months later. Although memories and operative levels did correlate, the relations were quantitatively weak and were undermined by serious…

Examined how college-age adults and 8-, 11-, and 13-year-olds retrieve semantic information from long-term memory. Closely comparable results were obtained across ages. This developmental similarity is discussed in relation to developmental differences in the use of semantic information in other cognitive tasks. (JMB)

Two studies investigating figurative expectancy, or the tendency to make perceptual judgments on the basis of temporal patterns, are reported. The results are interpreted as supportive of Piaget's theory of perceptual development. (JMB)

A sequential training procedure combining operant and cumulative learning hierarchy principles was found effective in reducing the decrement in concept identification performance typically observed in older adults. (JMB)