This study compared the behaviors of children who had been in a toddler day care program at least 13 months with children who had been there less than 6 months. The children who had been in the program longer were rated significantly higher in ability to get along with peers, problem solving, ability to abstract, and ability to plan. (JMB)

This study examined the developmental differences in preschoolers' recognition memory while evaluating the effects of experimenter-provided labels and assessing spontaneous production of verbal mediators by preschool children. (JMB)

The importance of awareness of the pictorial surface and point of observation was investigated in children and adults. The effect of station point was found to interact with pictorial surface and age, thus suggesting the development of a mechanism of compensation for the perspective distortion of oblique view. (JMB)

This article discusses the results of an earlier experiment which demonstrated a relationship between children's prior understanding of the compensation rule and their tendency to benefit from conservation training. These earlier results are then compared to the results of this experiment which employed different procedures and found no such…

Multiple regression analyses using maternal attitudes during pregnancy, obstetric analgesic medication, and labor variables as predictors did not yield impressive relationships to neonatal behavior as measured two days after delivery. (JMB)

The results of this study indicated that both males and females were more stereotypic in describing an opposite-sex ideal person than a same-sex ideal person. Further, the results reflected an increased endorsement of socially desirable traits with increased age of the respondents (7th graders, 12th graders, and adults). (JMB)

This study used a referent communication task to examine children's ability to appraise or evaluate the quality of communication performance. The results indicated that younger children were less accurate appraisers of performance as well as less accurate communicators than older children. (JMB)

A grammar task was administered to black and white students in 2nd grade and then again in 4th grade. The results indicated that while the white students gave more standard English responses at both times, both races increased their standard English usage from 2nd to 4th grades. (JMB)

Two-day-old chicks were found to prefer an ancestral maternal call over a brief repetitive pure tone burst when stationary models emitted the calls; however, other chicks prefered the repetitive tone over the maternal call when the models emitting the calls were moving. (JMB)

This study assessed the recognition by conserving and nonconserving first graders, of true and false permise and inference sentences following story presentations. Conservers performed slightly better than nonconservers on sentences other than true inference sentences, thus indicating that concrete mental operations are related to the process of…

This study examined the resistance to conservation of quantity extinction in 180 subjects across the life span. The results indicated that both resistance judgments and explanations were found to develop in a curvilinear fashion, increasing with age until young adulthood and declining thereafter. (JMB)

Product-moment correlations between Stanford-Binet IQs of 151 women and the Gesell Developmental Quotients of their illegitimate children were significant when the children were approximately 2 months old and residing in institutions. After the children were adopted, the correlations dropped at first but then increased in the final tests given at…

Two studies were conducted to examine whether the elderly maintain the competence to solve Piagetian conservation problems. The results are discussed in terms of a distinction between competence and performance. (JMB)

This study showed an association between early independence training and internal locus of control in a cross-sectional, relatively diffuse, low- to middle-class subject population. (JMB)