Data from a longitudinal twin study of personality were analyzed for genetic influences utilizing scores from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and the California Psychological Inventory. (Author/JMB)

Examined the nonnutritive sucking responses of 5- to 15-week-old infants to the contingent and noncontingent presention of natural speech stimuli, the contingent withdrawal of speech stimuli, and the absence of speech stimuli. (Author/JMB)

The relationship between children's perceptual, cognitive, and affective perspective-taking scores and their cognitive perspective-taking scores gathered one year later was assessed. Subjects were 56 kindergarten through third-grade children. (Author/JMB)

An alternating sort-recall procedure was used in three experiments to train third-, fifth-, and seventh-grade students in the use of organizational techniques as memory aids. (Author/JMB)

The cumulative deficit hypothesis with respect to age decrement in IQ between the ages of 5 and 18 was investigated in large samples of white and black school children in rural Georgia. An environmental interpretation of the age decrement in IQ found for the black sample was offered. (Author/JMB)

This study examined the effects of allocation instructions and self-interest on preschool children's use of the rule of equity in situations involving reward allocation. Results showed that when the demand for equity was explicit and self-interest was removed, all children used equity in allocating rewards. (Author/JMB)

Development of the relation between skills of visual and auditory pattern classification was studied at the second grade, sixth grade, and adult age levels using visual and auditory representations of the same abstract information. Results showed evidence of common processing of pattern class structure for the modalities, patterns, prototypes, and…

Effects of the motives to approach success and to avoid failure were studied in 60 fifth- and sixth-grade boys and girls of low, middle, and high levels of test anxiety. Findings indicated that anxious children perform poorly due to motivational difficulties rather than to learning deficiencies. (Author/JMB)

This study examined the initial cognitive shifts marking the onset of fantasy episodes for 16 4-year-old children (4 boy-pairs and 4 girl-pairs). The children's dyadic social interactions were videotaped in three 1-hour play sessions and 90 spontaneously occurring cases of fantasy were analyzed. (Author/JMB)

Forty-two right-handed preschool children listened to dichotic presentations of digit names and were told to report only the digit arriving at the designated ear. A significant right-ear superiority was found, demonstrating a left lateralization of verbal processing in children as young as three years of age. (Author/JMB)

Sixty-four children in grades 2 and 5 were asked to recall items from six successively presented sets of categorized pictorial stimuli using one of four types of retrieval cues. Significant effects of grade level and type of cue (favoring subcategory cues) were found. (Author/JMB)

This study used a rating scale, a betting game, and a feedback phase to examine the certainty with which 60 second graders and 36 fifth graders made judgments on tasks involving various forms of conservation and transitivity. (Author/JMB)