The authors examined a proposed set of standards for the personal and professional conduct of counseling trainees. Eighty-two counselor educators and supervisors from programs accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs ranked 55 behaviors divided across 3 categories (i.e., professional,…

This quasi-experimental study compared the effectiveness of the Wellness Model of Supervision (WELMS; Lenz & Smith, 2010) with alternative supervision models for developing wellness constructs, total personal wellness, and helping skills among counselors-in-training. Participants were 32 master's-level counseling students completing their…

Students unfamiliar with their counseling program's professional performance assessment policies may consider such policies pejorative. Moreover, student beliefs about the primacy of ethical service to clients may be confounded when faculty members are reluctant or fail to formally address concerns about deficient professional performance of…

The authors attempted to gain an understanding of critical incidents (CIs) from the perspective of novice counselor trainees during their 1st year of supervised clinical practicum. Journals kept by 9 trainees in master's-level counseling programs were qualitatively analyzed using the discovery-oriented research methodology (A. Mahrer, 1988). One…

Overconfidence in clinical judgment is a common problem among counselors that undermines the validity of the counselors' assessments and, by implication, the quality of client services. The authors evaluated an instructional module designed to reduce overconfidence among counselor trainees who completed an assessment task that exposed them to some…

Argues that students in counseling practicum courses experience many self-defeating thoughts and anxieties which can impede their performance as new counselors and can have a negative impact on the supervision process. Outlines innovative methods used by cognitive therapists to address this anxiety and presents a model for counselor educators to…

Study explores the effects of bogus performance feedback on counseling self-efficacy and counselor anxiety. After a 10-minute mock counseling session, 45 master's-level trainees received either positive or negative bogus feedback regarding their performance. Results showed that (a) participants altered their counseling self-efficacy depending on…

Discusses a paradigm for understanding the myriad of counseling theories and their corresponding intervention techniques. The paradigm organizes counseling theory and practice around three principles: a way of being, a way of understanding, and a way of intervening. The paradigm allows counselors to eclectically use various theories and techniques…

Discusses methods for incorporating live and videotape counseling sessions conducted by faculty into counseling programs to provide opportunities for students to learn through modeling. States that since there are no published studies reflecting the outcomes of utilizing faculty counseling sessions, decisions about providing observations should be…

Proposes a framework for conceptualizing the development of experienced counselors when they address unfamiliar tasks or client concerns. Suggests that research focusing on supervision processes and outcomes during counselors' looping experiences is needed. Presents implications for practice, theory, and research. (Author/MKA)

Investigates the cognitive development of a group of counselor education students (N=43) during their training and also assesses the relationship of cognitive development to actual counseling behavior. Results indicate small incremental gains in counselor cognitive functioning over the course of training. Findings suggest a need to emphasize…

Examines counselor self-efficacy within two theoretical domains of the Integrated Developmental Model (IDM) of supervision. Results, based on 142 counseling graduate students, show that, of the three developmental levels predicted by IDM, level two trainees reported greater efficacy of microskills than level one trainees, and also exhibited…

The use of a modified form of the Interpersonal Process Recall (IPR) technique was studied as an influence on the counseling dimensions of level of regard, empathic understanding, unconditionality of regard, and congruence. Analysis of covariance revealed no significant differences between groups on each of the four variables. (Author)

Laboratory facilities make possible the audio- and videotaping of counseling as well as live observation, and with these aides the counselor educator can help counselor trainees significantly improve their counseling skills. Undermining the potential value and success of the laboratory practicum is the problem of counselee staffing. (Author)

The model describes the clients' impression-formation process, describes changes in client impressions as therapy progresses, and suggests the relevance of client impressions for therapy outcome. An attempt at empirical validation by using a clinical population lent some support to certain aspects of the proposed model. (Author)