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50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

Showing all 9 results
Personality Type and Clinical Supervision Interventions
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Bernard, Janine M.; Clingerman, Tamara L.; Gilbride, Dennis D. – Counselor Education and Supervision, 2011
In this study, the authors investigated personality type of supervisors and supervisees and interventions chosen by supervisors for 78 supervisory dyads from 9 different counselor education programs. Gender effects were also investigated. Results indicated that interventions were not influenced by supervisor personality type as measured by the…
Descriptors: Counselor Training, Personality, Supervisor Supervisee Relationship, Gender Differences
School Counselor Supervisors' Perceptions of the Discrimination Model of Supervision
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Luke, Melissa; Ellis, Michael V.; Bernard, Janine M. – Counselor Education and Supervision, 2011
The authors examined 38 school counselor supervisors' perceptions of the Discrimination Model (DM; Bernard, 1979, 1997) of supervision, replicating and extending Ellis and Dell's (1986) investigation of the DM with mental health counselor supervisors. Participants judged the dissimilarity of each unique combination of roles and foci of the DM. The…
Descriptors: Mental Health Workers, Supervision, Mental Health, Counselor Training
The School Counseling Supervision Model: An Extension of the Discrimination Model
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Luke, Melissa; Bernard, Janine M. – Counselor Education and Supervision, 2006
It is well documented that clinical supervision in school settings is underutilized. One hypothesis for this situation is the lack of fit between current supervision models that emphasize the supervision of individual counseling and the multiple roles of school counselors within comprehensive school counseling programs (CSCPs). The authors propose…
Descriptors: School Counseling, Supervision, Models, Individual Counseling
Counselor Education and Counseling Psychology: Where Are the Jobs?
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Bernard, Janine M. – Counselor Education and Supervision, 2006
Employment opportunities for persons with doctoral degrees in counselor education and counseling psychology were studied. Over 15 months, 708 positions were identified and analyzed to determine frequency of advertised positions calling for either degree, types of positions, and references to the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related…
Descriptors: Counselor Training, Counseling Psychology, Employment Opportunities, Doctoral Degrees
An Investigation of the Use of E-Mail as a Supplemental Modality for Clinical Supervision
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Clingerman, Tamara L.; Bernard, Janine M. – Counselor Education and Supervision, 2004
The authors investigated the use of student-initiated e-mail as a supplemental modality for supervision. Nineteen students e-mailed their instructors weekly during their 15-week practicum: these e-mails were analyzed across 3 time periods using the categories of the discrimination model (J. M. Bernard, 1979, 1997) and an adaptation of W. Lanning's…
Descriptors: Psychology, Practicums, Electronic Mail, Counselor Training
Clinical Supervision: Lessons from the Literature.
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Goodyear, Rodney K.; Bernard, Janine M. – Counselor Education and Supervision, 1998
Several characteristics of supervision research create barriers to framing inferences about which models of supervision are better than others, or even if supervision is effective in improving trainees' overall levels of therapeutic effectiveness. Discusses important lessons to be learned from supervision research. (Author)
Descriptors: Clinical Experience, Counselor Training, Evaluation, Literature Reviews
Supervisor Training: A Discrimination Model.
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Bernard, Janine M. – Counselor Education and Supervision, 1979
Addresses the delivery of supervision skills by presenting a model for identification and training of those skills, the roles in which skills are demonstrated, and types of choices or discriminations necessary to make in tutoring trainees through the counseling practicum. (Author)
Descriptors: Counseling, Counselor Training, Counselors, Discriminant Analysis
The History of Supervision: A Critical Review.
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Leddick, George R.; Bernard, Janine M. – Counselor Education and Supervision, 1980
Reviews the counseling literature and describes the historical evolution of the practice of supervision. Analyzes several therapy models, and describes direct and indirect supervision activities. Concludes by calling attention to assumptions in the counseling and supervision literature that have yet to receive the benefit of evaluation and…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Counseling Theories, Counselors, Supervision
The Challenge of Psychotherapy-Based Supervision: Making the Pieces Fit.
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Bernard, Janine M. – Counselor Education and Supervision, 1992
Responds to earlier article in this issue which recorded interview with C. H. Patterson regarding client-centered practice of supervision. Organized reactions to Patterson interview around these issues: context and structure of supervision; role of evaluation; issue of theoretical compatibility between supervisor and supervisee; and limitations of…
Descriptors: Counseling Theories, Counselor Role, Counselor Training, Counselors