Increased demand for accountability and management in higher education challenges the "unquantifiable" outcomes of liberal education. Proponents should not assert that the liberal arts are unmeasurable, but should take the opportunity to defend them as a different kind of learning and promote their contribution to individual and societal growth.…

Problem-based learning was used by 43 adult students (31 in independent study, 12 in class). Responses from 28 of first group and 9 of second indicated overall satisfaction with strategy, supporting its use in a liberal learning context. Ways to improve it, such as eliciting learners' hunches and emphasizing knowledge to be gained rather than the…

Focus groups, a survey, and interviews with 10 deans of continuing education units (CEUs) suggested that the concept of vision is socially constructed on various levels: societal vision, vision for the profession, vision for continuing education, and vision for the CEU. The depth and breadth of vision and its dynamic nature were revealed. In…

U.S. and international examples illustrate societal influences on continuing higher education in relation to five themes: goal setting, parent-institution relations, encouraging participation, local contingencies, and productive collaboration. Such comparative perspectives enable leaders engaged in strategic planning to recognize threats and…