Education of African Americans in the U.S. South and Black South Africans during the periods of segregation and apartheid, respectively, were similar in both the nature of school oppression and the ways that oppressed communities sought to use education to promote racial advancement. Survey, interview, and focus-group data reveal similarities in…

Examines the intellectual arguments and thinking that might have accorded primacy to English in Trinidad and Tobago in the colonial period, and the ways in which formal schooling inculcated and imposed English. Draws on school records and evaluations of the curriculum and student performance to analyze how managers policed the English-language…

Modeled on Hampton Institute (Virginia) and Tuskegee Institute (Alabama), Achimota College in colonial Gold Coast (later Ghana) provided Black students with "adapted education" in agriculture and industrial arts, suitable for a life of manual labor. This case of international educational transfer is analyzed from the perspective of the politics of…

Reviews Cambodia's educational development, characterized by a series of successive crises since the country's independence from France in 1953. Examines various approaches of development discourse to the educational crisis, and suggests that previous analyses of Cambodia's educational development have failed to recognize the tensions generated by…

Draws on ethnographic observations, historical sources, and official documents to examine the historical and contemporary connections among the Mexican "secundaria" (junior high school), the broader ideological and political-economic context of Mexican educational development, and concepts of adolescence in both expert discourse and popular…

Explores the social foundations and contradictions of formal multilateralism in education since 1945. Discusses the emergence of UNESCO in the 1950s-60s as mediator between developing and donor nations, construction of an ideology linking educational and economic development, the rise of "basic needs" programming in the 1970s, and the erosion of…

Traces the evolution of Portuguese national identity, 1926-74, in relation to its African colonies, particularly Mozambique, to demonstrate that colonialism enforces values, identities, and "hierarchies of domination" within the colonizing society as well as between colonizers and colonized peoples. Examines the role of education in shaping and…

Analyzes Chinese policy toward secondary English curriculum during five time periods, 1956-present. Focusing on links between politics and education and on the role of a centralized bureaucracy gives only a partial picture of curriculum development, which also includes a widening base of stakeholders, increasing sensitivity to teacher concerns,…

From 1923 to 1938, the International Institute of Teachers College, Columbia University, actively exported American democratic education abroad via direct faculty participation in the reform of foreign educational systems and the professional training of foreign students and educational leaders. The institute contributed to the development of…

Defines and broadly traces the history of educational planning in both developing and industrialized capitalist nations. Discusses general approaches to educational planning (technical versus political planning, top-down versus bottom-up planning, and various theoretical bases); the contingency view of planning; case examples of planned,…

Historically, Islamic discourse excluded non-Islamic forms of knowledge and supported political power and social control. Recently, traditional Muslims seek hegemony over political, economic, and educational domains, and the arrest of secularization and modernization of knowledge. In Pakistan, Islamization and ideological education have…

Traces the career of Claude A. Eggertsen, who helped to establish comparative education as the centerpiece in the Social Foundations Department of the School of Education at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Discusses Eggertsen's involvement with the Comparative and International Education Society and his view of global awareness as essential…

This article compares the varied rates at which formal schooling was institutionalized among four neighboring groups in colonial Kenya: the Idakho, Isukha, Maragoli, and Tiriki peoples. Their different reactions to the Friends Africa Mission school movement is considered as one factor in the availability of schools to each group. (SJL)

Noting that, as a developing socialist society, China requires an educational system which develops in the individual both political loyalty and technical skill, the author surveys China's efforts, from 1949 to the present, to implement these two potentially conflicting educational objectives. (SJL)

In 1965, Robert Kennedy initiated federal evaluation policy with ESEA. His conception of political accountability was converted into a system of cost benefit analysis, which periodically justified funding curtailments. This systems approach, similar to Taylor's Scientific Management, is inadequate as the sole evaluation tool for federal programs.…