In considering how to advance Sino-foreign educational cooperation, there is a need to differentiate between educational sovereignty and educational rights. This analysis considers the issue in detail so that Sino-foreign cooperation in school administration can move further forward. This can happen only if China can maintain educational…

In China, schools of a vocational nature are becoming increasingly important because of the needs of the developing socialist cause, and they are rapidly increasing in number. Some people maintain that vocational education and general education are identical in terms of theory and principle and that issues of vocational education can be resolved…

General education is basic education and, in theory, is the general education that every citizen must undergo as well as the basic education that every type of specialization must have. It is undoubtedly fundamental and important to the entire educational system. However, specialized education is more directly related to, and plays a more…

Research on the issues of higher education has been going on for a long time. However, higher education pedagogy as independent discipline has been present in China for only about ten years. The structure of a discipline cannot consist merely of a compilation of the issues under research but must also include its basic theories and a system of…

The reforms and developments of China's higher education at a time when it faces two great challenges--the world's science/technology revolution and China's social market economy--are, on the whole, replete with achievements and fraught with difficulties and show great changes, but they are unbalanced. Everyone feels that these reforms and…

The nonexistence of a privately run higher education system in China for more than thirty years was determined by the economic system. The emergence and development of "minban" (nongovernmental, private) institutions of higher learning became inevitable with the development of the urban-rural cooperative economy, the individual economy ("geti…

The strength or weakness of a nation and advances in the material and spiritual civilization of society as a whole are, to a large extent, determined by the quantity and quality of personnel equipped with a higher education. Also, people's need for undergoing higher education increases as the national economy develops and standards of living in…