Hearing impairment due to conductive hearing loss can have a devastating effect on children's language development, and consequently educational outcomes, especially for Indigenous students, for whom there may be the additional issue of being educated in their second or third language. With appropriate interventions, however, Indigenous students with conductive hearing loss can achieve high standards of written literacy and do well at school. This article will outline some of the key findings to date from a longitudinal study investigating effective teaching strategies to improve the literacy, and hence educational, outcomes of Australian Indigenous students with conductive hearing loss (CHL). Drawing on both qualitative and quantitative data, the research has identified a number of teaching strategies that are likely to assist in improving educational outcomes (especially in relation to early literacy skills) and examined the influence of the broader school environment. (Contains 2 endnotes.)