The present investigation, conducted within the framework of equity theory, was designed to determine the principles that preschool children use when they are given the opportunity to distribute rewards. (Authors)

The present study, based on teachers' ratings of their 4- and 5-year-old students, examined the correspondence between quantity and sophistication of verbal output and the child's production of gross bodily activity and fine manipulative movements. (Authors)

Boys who took credit for their academic successes and girls who accepted blame for their failures were those most likely to have higher grades and higher achievement test scores. (Author)

Results are discussed in terms of cognitive growth, the psychoanalytic notion of ambivalence, the role of stimulus context in eliciting laughter or fear, and a possible adaptive, stimulus-maintaining function of laughter. (Authors)

The most significant finding is that classification according to complete similarity not only occurs much earlier than reported by Inhelder and Piaget, but also does not follow the developmental course reported by Inhelder and Piaget. (Author)

Two major trends in the development of natural language concepts were found in the present study: (1) there was a clear indication that such concepts exist in a relatively fragmented form in young children; (2) young children showed a strong dependence on perceptual attributes in their definitions of concepts. (Author/CB)

A single administration of the reversal learning paradigm is not a sufficient basis for determining either a given subject's choice of option or his behavior on its constituent learning measures. This conclusion raises many questions about past research relating to mediation theory, since this paradigm has been the basic one employed. (Authors)

Results clearly demonstrated the existence of perceptual sets in children under 4 years. The interpretation of findings suggests a process whereby the present method was successful in creating the mediating conditions necessary for a perceptual set. (Authors)

The present study is based on a form of task analysis that explicates in detail the hypothesized solution behavior of skilled performers of the task. (Authors)

The performance of the older subjects (10 years and up) was facilitated by the organizational cues, whereas that of younger subjects was not. (Author)

Aim of the present study was to clarify the processes involved in the apparent lag in copying a diamond by reducing the lag experimentally with perceptual training of discrimination of orientation. (Authors)

Preschool, first-grade, and fifth-grade children served as Ss in 2 experiments designed to test the developmental hypothesis that memorizing and perceiving are functionally undifferentiated for the young child, with deliberate memorization only gradually emerging as a separate and distinctive form of cognitive encounter with external data.…

Conclusion drawn is that bilinguals, brought up in a one-person, one-language home environment, reach a stage in semantic development some 2-3 years earlier than their unilingual peers. (Author/CB)