Subjects were trained against their initial dimensional preference in a two-dimensional simultaneous discrimination learning task. (RH)

Finds that, after being exposed to many isolation-of-variables assessment problems, most college subjects made immediate and substantial gains in formal reasoning, while preadolescents made gradual, modest gains. (RH)

Third- and fifth-grade children and adults were presented with eight-item letter sequences of varied approximation to English in a tachistoscopic single report, cue delay task. (RH)

Among elementary, junior high, and college students, intelligent retrieval methods for recalling 20 letters of the alphabet consisted either of mentally proceeding through the alphabet from the onset and writing down each previously written letter as encountered and recognized, or else first rote recalling some letters and then switching to the…

In a four-year longitudinal study of the development of concrete operational thought, children were administered tests assessing seriation; numeration; class inclusion; hierarchical classification; and conservation of mass, weight, and volume. Levels of seriation and numeration skills in kindergarten were powerful predictors of the acquisition of…

Responses to eight seriation tasks presented to 88 male kindergarten children and first-, second-, and third-grade students produced significant mean differences in explanations and strategies but no mean differences in judgment. A new experimental procedure, which allows explanations and strategies to be assessed, is advocated. (RH)

Investigates the relative efficacy of three training procedures in improving serial recall in kindergarten children who either showed no tendency to rehearse or rehearsed inconsistently at a serial recall pretest. Self-instructional training, an induced rehearsal procedure, and a practice control condition comprised the three training procedures.…

Seventy-four lower- and middle-class children aged 2 1/2, 3 1/2, and 4 1/2 years, who were successful at unidimensional sorting of two objects by either color or form, were given feedback for correct bidimensional sorting of three objects, two of which had been used in unidimensional testing. Results indicate that Piagetian centration is a task-…

A total of 96 children aged 7, 10, and 14 years were administered questions and an imitation task to assess their comprehension of the objectivity-subjectivity distinction. Judgments of age were used to measure the objective dimension and judgments of attractiveness to measure the subjective dimension. (JMB)

Reports three experiments which investigated the ability of children aged four to nine years to organize body-location information in recall. Attempted to correct for methodological confounding in previous similar research. (JMB)

Examined social labels first used for parents, differentiation of parents and others on the basis of labeling behavior, and overgeneralization of social labels in 71 infants ranging in age from 9 to 24 months. (JMB)

Results from a study of 40 one-year-old children and their mothers showed that maternal interference with children's independent object play had no short-term effect on infant social initiatives to mother, responsiveness to mother's social bids, or exploratory play. (JMB)

Examines whether mothers modify their actions in response to infant facial expression or gaze direction. Subjects were seven pairs of mothers and infants (four to eight months old). Mothers were instructed to induce their infants to smile. (CM)