Analysis of videotapes of 145 third graders playing with a parent showed (1) that parents of girls were more likely to engage in sociable play, parents of boys in active play; and (2) that maternal behavior remained relatively constant regardless of child's sex while paternal behavior varied for boys and girls. (JMB)

Presents an analysis of the control techniques adopted by the mothers of 15- and 24-month-old children during an eight-minute laboratory play situation. Mothers were requested to take an active role in the interaction by ensuring that the child played with the full range of toys available. (JMB)

Thirty-four pairs of same-sex siblings were observed for two one-hour periods in their homes. The younger siblings averaged 20 months of age and the age interval between siblings was either large (2.5-4 years) or small (1-2 years). (JMB)

Results showed that experimentally produced variations in the person orientation of three nine-year-old female confederates affected the socialization techniques employed by 24 female college students who were attempting to elicit altruistic behavior from the children. (JMB)

Examined the effects of a high-value v low-value reward on intrinsic interest in reading a high-interest v low-interest storybook for 54 second- and third-grade children. Both reward value and storybook interest were inferred on the basis of individual choices made by each child. (JMB)

Investigated whether facial expressions are reliable in producing the same emotional responses from infants (N=27) across situations designed to elicit the same emotion and whether they provide sufficient information to mediate consistent emotion judgments by raters. (JMB)

Examined individual differences among third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade children (N=59) in the tendency to remember and utilize dispositional as opposed to situational information in predicting and explaining the behavior of story characters. (JMB)

In terms of Kagan's theory of the problem-solving process, this study explores the relationship between reflection-impulsivity, hypothesis generation and testing, and evaluation of the quality of one's own solutions among children approximately 8 to 12 years old. (JMB)

Results as a whole did not support the hypothesis that poor readers show deficits in selective attention relative to age-matched normal readers. (RH)

The locative categories--"in,""above,""below," and "beside"--were investigated to determine whether their exemplars were organized according to the prototype distinction. (RH)

Apparently, six-month-old infants can encode a location relative to a landmark, but in many situations their visual search behavior is dominated by a learned egocentric code. (RH)

In Experiment I, 24 preschoolers were tested on left-right, vertical-horizontal, and mirror-image oblique discriminations under essentially context-free conditions. Experiment II contrasted children's performance under context-free conditions with their ability to discriminate orientation in the presence of external visual cues. (RH)

The questions 17 mothers addressed to their children, aged 18-34 months, during a play session were examined for the purpose they served in the conversation and the forms used to express them. (RH)

Investigated the extent to which category clustering in recall is dependent on preferred organization of the to-be-recalled items and whether preferred organization or recall performance is associated with ethnic or economic group membership. White children sorted taxonomically more often than Black children, who preferred functional organization…