The effects of peer familiarity on social interactions were studied by observing pairs of preschool children who were either familiar or unfamiliar with each other in 50-minute free-play sessions. (CM)

Compares the expression of affect towards parents of 8- to 11-year-old children raised in one of three environments: kibbutz children raised communally with peers, kibbutz children raised in families, and city children raised in traditional families. (SS)

Compares the responses of 14 child abusers and a matched group of nonabusers to videotapes of crying and smiling infants. Psychophysiological and subjective self-report measures were taken. (SS)

Conclusions from research in the areas of maternal deprivation, institutionalization, and parent-child relations are used to conceptualize and hypothesize about dimensions of daily separation experiences relevant to attachment. (SS)

Investigates vocal and nonvocal communication patterns between three groups of mother-infant pairs that include homemakers who prefer not to work, homemakers who prefer to work, and working mothers. (SS)

The social interactions of 60 mother-infant pairs were observed for 25 minutes in a seminaturalistic setting when the infants were 6 months old and again at 20 months. Forty-six of the infants were termed at high risk for later school failure due to the socioeconomic situations of their families. (Author)

This study of mother-infant pairs investigates sex differences and age differences (infants of 6, 9, and 12 months of age) in mother and infant initiations of interactions and responses to the other's initiations. (SS)

Play behaviors of 17 children enrolled in a discovery-based preschool program and 18 children in a formal program within a university center were observed over 11 weeks for 20 one-minute observations. (Author)

Results showed that short-term low-warmth inductions produced more charitability in second and fifth graders than short-term high-warmth inductions and that instructions encouraging charitability produced more generosity than selfish or permissive instructions. In addition, girls were found to be more generous overall than boys. (JMB)

Investigated the relation between kindergartners', second graders', and fourth graders' attributions of intentionality and inferences of disposition for story characters depicted as having intentionally or accidentally caused harm. (JMB)