Shows that the heart rate acceleration of 16 infants ranging in age from 8 to 16 months consistently began well before the onset of crying. This suggests that heart rate acceleration is not merely a by-product of crying but that it is associated with negative affect. (JMB)

Attempts to differentiate the serial habituation hypothesis from the regression to the mean hypothesis as explanations for the reduction of visual fixations in the form perception of four-month-old infants. Results support a regression to the mean interpretation of the data. (JMB)

Argues that the simplification strategy of research is useful for understanding the basic cognitive processes that are necessary for mature performance in conservation, transitivity, moral judgment, causal inference, and other Piagetian tasks. (JMB)

Techniques of presenting information temporally in the auditory and visual modalities and spatially in the visual modality were used to assess information processing in seven- and nine-year-old children. (JMB)

Adult assistance procedures were experimentally compared for their effects upon the preschool child's tendency to persist in self-selected manipulative tasks in a free-play setting. (JMB)

Kindergartners, second, and fifth graders made repeated trips through a large- or small-scale model town, and then constructed from memory the layout of buildings in either large- or small-scale space. (JMB)

Assesses the ability of four-year-old children to judge certain social situations from the facial expressions of peers. The children were presented with soundless videotapes of the face and upper torso of classmates and unknown peers interacting with peers and adults who were strange or familiar. (JMB)

Examines children's relabeling of roles when confronted with counter-stereotypical occupational portrayals. A total of 128 children between the ages of five and six years were shown four films depicting all possible combinations of female and male physicians and nurses. They were then questioned with regard to the sex and occupational roles of the…

An observer stared continually at each of 573 children who passed along a definable pathway in a large shopping center. Most infants did not make eye contact with the observer, the majority of toddlers established eye contact but did not gaze avert, and the preponderance of school-age children gaze averted. (Author/JMB)

Thirty-six five- to six-year-old girls viewed one of three television network cartoons, either high or low stereptyped or neutral. They were then tested for sex-role stereotyping on a 24-item measure, each item showing a male and a female and asking a question about them. (JMB)

Tests the hypothesis that children are predisposed to learn suffixes rather than prefixes. Results of four experiments generally support the hypothesis. Importance of language learning strategies and influences of child's experience on strategy use are discussed. (JMB)

Paired English-learning and Spanish-learning infants were tested for perception of two synthetic speech contrasts differing in voice onset time. Results indicate that Spanish-learning infants discriminated both English and Spanish contrasts, while English-learning infants appeared to have discriminated English contrasts only. (JMB)

Investigates the role of imitation by children in the acquisition of lexical items and factors influencing word acquisition by imitation. Imitation did not appear to facilitate subsequent spontaneous use of lexical items. Results are discussed in terms of conditions which influence imitative behavior in children. (JMB)

Verbal interaction of 12 mothers and 12 fathers with their 19-month-old children in parent/infant dyads and parents/infant triads was assessed. In the triad condition, fathers spoke less and took fewer conversational turns than did mothers. (JMB)