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Showing 166 to 180 of 10,074 results
Peer reviewed
Direct linkJohnson, Anna D.; Martin, Anne; Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne – Child Development, 2013
The federal child-care subsidy program represents one of the government's largest investments in early care and education. Using data from the nationally representative Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort, this study examines associations, among subsidy-eligible families, between child-care subsidy receipt when children are 4…
Descriptors: Grants, Child Care, Federal Aid, Federal Programs
Berman, Jared M. J.; Graham, Susan A.; Callaway, Dallas; Chambers, Craig G. – Child Development, 2013
Two experiments examined 4- and 5-year-olds' use of vocal affect to learn new words. In Experiment 1 (n = 48), children were presented with two unfamiliar objects, first in their original state and then in an altered state (broken or enhanced). An instruction produced with negative, neutral, or positive affect, directed children to find the…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Speech, Language Acquisition, Psychological Patterns
Dunfield, Kristen A.; Kuhlmeier, Valerie A. – Child Development, 2013
This study investigates the diversity of early prosocial behavior by examining the ability of ninety-five 2- to 4-year-olds to provide aid to an adult experimenter displaying instrumental need, emotional distress, and material desire. Children provided appropriate aid in response to each of these cues with high consistency over multiple trials. In…
Descriptors: Prosocial Behavior, Classification, Preschool Children, Helping Relationship
Berger, Andrea; Alyagon, Uri; Hadaya, Hadas; Atzaba-Poria, Naama; Auerbach, Judith G. – Child Development, 2013
Children participating in the Ben-Gurion Infant Development Study were assessed with a dynamic-tracking version of the stop-signal task at the age of 5 years. The sample consisted of 60 males. Stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) was correlated with concurrent ratings of the child's attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms.…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Preschool Children, At Risk Persons, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Herman, Keith C.; Wang, Kenneth; Trotter, Reid; Reinke, Wendy M.; Ialongo, Nicholas – Child Development, 2013
This study examined the developmental trajectories of maladaptive perfectionism over a 7-year period among African American youth living in an urban setting (N = 547). In particular, the study attempted to determine whether two maladaptive aspects of perfectionism (socially prescribed and self-critical) changed over time and could be distinguished…
Descriptors: African American Children, Adolescents, Adolescent Development, Adjustment (to Environment)
Hartley, Bonny L.; Sutton, Robbie M. – Child Development, 2013
Three studies examined the role of stereotype threat in boys' academic underachievement. Study 1 (children aged 4-10, n = 238) showed that girls from age 4 years and boys from age 7 years believed, and thought adults believed, that boys are academically inferior to girls. Study 2 manipulated stereotype threat, informing children aged…
Descriptors: Males, Academic Achievement, Underachievement, Sex Stereotypes
Friedman, Ori; Vondervoort, Julia W.; Defeyter, Margaret A.; Neary, Karen R. – Child Development, 2013
It is impossible to perceive who owns an object; this must be inferred. One way that children make such inferences is through a first possession bias--when two agents each use an object, children judge the object belongs to the one who used it first. Two experiments show that this bias does not result from children directly inferring ownership…
Descriptors: Ownership, Young Children, Inferences, Bias
Lagattuta, Kristin Hansen; Sayfan, Liat – Child Development, 2013
Four- to 10-year-olds and adults (N = 265) responded to eight scenarios presented on an eye tracker. Each trial involved a character who encounters a perpetrator who had previously enacted positive (P), negative (N), or both types of actions toward him or her in varying sequences (NN, PP, PN, and NP). Participants predicted the character's…
Descriptors: Children, Adults, Bias, Attention
Carpenter, Malinda; Uebel, Johanna; Tomasello, Michael – Child Development, 2013
Most previous research on imitation in infancy has focused on infants' learning of instrumental actions on objects. This study focused instead on the more social side of imitation, testing whether being mimicked increases prosocial behavior in infants, as it does in adults (van Baaren, Holland, Kawakami, & van Knippenberg, 2004).…
Descriptors: Imitation, Prosocial Behavior, Infant Behavior, Infants
Schermerhorn, Alice C.; Bates, John E.; Goodnight, Jackson A.; Lansford, Jennifer E.; Dodge, Kenneth A.; Pettit, Gregory S. – Child Development, 2013
The interaction between a temperament profile (four groups determined by high vs. low resistance to control [unmanageability] and unadaptability [novelty distress]) and family stress in predicting externalizing problems at school in children followed from kindergarten through eighth grade (ages 5-13) was investigated. The sample consisted of 556…
Descriptors: Personality, Anxiety, Antisocial Behavior, Children
Cohen-Gilbert, Julia E.; Thomas, Kathleen M. – Child Development, 2013
This study investigated the changing relation between emotion and inhibitory control during adolescence. One hundred participants between 11 and 25 years of age performed a go-nogo task in which task-relevant stimuli (letters) were presented at the center of large task-irrelevant images depicting negative, positive, or neutral scenes selected from…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Psychological Patterns, Adolescents, Young Adults
Mulak, Karen E.; Best, Catherine T.; Tyler, Michael D.; Kitamura, Christine; Irwin, Julia R. – Child Development, 2013
By 12 months, children grasp that a phonetic change to a word can change its identity ("phonological distinctiveness"). However, they must also grasp that some phonetic changes do "not" ("phonological constancy"). To test development of phonological constancy, sixteen 15-month-olds and sixteen 19-month-olds completed…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Toddlers, Phonology, Age Differences
Posada, German; Lu, Ting; Trumbell, Jill; Kaloustian, Garene; Trudel, Marcel; Plata, Sandra J.; Peña, Paola P.; Perez, Jennifer; Tereno, Susana; Dugravier, Romain; Coppola, Gabrielle; Constantini, Alessandro; Cassibba, Rosalinda; Kondo-Ikemura, Kiyomi; Nóblega, Magaly; Haya, Ines M.; Pedraglio, Claudia; Verissimo, Manuela; Santos, Antonio J.; Monteiro, Ligia; Lay, Keng-Ling – Child Development, 2013
The evolutionary rationale offered by Bowlby implies that secure base relationships are common in child-caregiver dyads and thus, child secure behavior observable across diverse social contexts and cultures. This study offers a test of the universality hypothesis. Trained observers in nine countries used the Attachment Q-set to describe the…
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Child Behavior, Caregiver Child Relationship, Child Development
Morin, Alexandre J. S.; Maïano, Christophe; Marsh, Herbert W.; Nagengast, Benjamin; Janosz, Michel – Child Development, 2013
This study investigates heterogeneity in adolescents' trajectories of global self-esteem (GSE) and the relations between these trajectories and facets of the interpersonal, organizational, and instructional components of students' school life. Methodologically, this study illustrates the use of growth mixture analyses, and how to obtain…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Self Esteem, Adolescent Development, Gender Differences
Liben, Lynn S.; Myers, Lauren J.; Christensen, Adam E.; Bower, Corinne A. – Child Development, 2013
Researchers have shown that young children solve mapping tasks in small spaces, but have rarely tested children's performance in large, unfamiliar environments. In the current research, children (9-10 years; N = 40) explored an unfamiliar campus and marked flags' locations on a map. As hypothesized, better performance was predicted by…
Descriptors: Children, Map Skills, Spatial Ability, Gender Differences
