This document is an annual publication documenting developments in the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER)'s research programs for the previous year. The 2004 edition highlights research on the following themes: (1) Helping international schools measure achievement; (2) Evaluating Australian teachers; (3) Tests of reading comprehension; (4) Supporting indigenous students in the early years; (5) Video surveys aid study of classroom teaching; (6) School non-completers can do well in the workforce; (7) Impact of school libraries on student achievement; (8) Boys in school and society; and (9) New database of research on international education.