Several empirical studies are discussed which indicate that adapting the level of support, the difficulty of the learning task, or support as well as difficulty has beneficial effects on learning and transfer test performance. Three conclusions can be drawn from the presented studies. First, both the level of available support and the difficulty…

Four instructional principles for alleviating cognitive overload in online learning are suggested: 1) Guide learners to prepare and maintain an effective workstation for accessing online materials, 2) Employ advance organizers for effective online navigation, 3) Arrange instructional materials for easy online manipulation, and 4) Organize…

Understanding K-12 students' Web-based research practices and the challenges posed by this task, can help educators assist students with learning to manage this complex process. In this presentation, I propose a research-based process model of K-12 students' Internet search practices. The model describes the ways in which students search for,…