Explores the dynamics of writing college application essays. Analyzes four high school seniors' think-aloud protocols as they composed the essays and college admissions officers' remarks as they read the essays. Finds that successful essayists were able to balance the requested self disclosure and the unstated deep institutional concern for…

Compares essays composed by secondary school students with pen and paper to those composed on a word processor. Finds that word-processed essays were neater, longer, more formal, and had a weaker voice than pen-and-paper essays. Finds word-processed essay quality was unaffected for students with high to medium computer experience but was adversely…

Describes the ways two second-grade teachers implement portfolio assessment in their classrooms. Emphasizes multiple purposes for evaluation. Suggests that portfolio use can have a direct influence on teachers' instructional practices and beliefs. (RS)

Describes consequences of an inadvertent misalignment in grading practice by analyzing an instructor's essay evaluation checklist. Finds that, in trying to promote evaluative consistency, the checklist privileges product over process, academic discourse over students' own voices, and an analytic predisposition to student writing over an…

Identifies the many different groups of scholars, teachers, administrators, and other professionals who lay claim to the field of writing assessment. Describes the various positions, and outlines the major beliefs and assumptions about what is important and valuable. Examines an intolerance for other positions within each position, and identifies…

Presents a discursive, reflective, and experimental essay. Considers the wealth of images created by a 75-year-old letter from the author's father to his sister. Reflects on the relationship of writing to identity, history, and personal expression. Suggests that assessment needs to be contextual, descriptive, and personal. (RS)

Describes a project in which researchers work with teachers to increase their knowledge of a specific genre of writing and to use the knowledge in response to student work. Finds that few teachers used the feedback response form or scoring rubric provided to them but that teachers used many of the assessment techniques in instructional design and…

Presents an electronic conversation which critiques holistic scoring procedures. Explores the different ways people in English are taught to read. Offers the idea of minimal holistic scoring in which raters make a specific educational decision rather than supply a number on a rating scale. Asks educators to focus more time on teaching than…

Discusses the tension between testing and literacy education, the deleterious influences of testing on the curriculum, and the lack of a firm relationship between improved test scores and improved educational experiences for students. Presents two alternative systems for evaluation of writing skills at the local and state level. Demonstrates the…

Suggests that assessment must be built into the curriculum and focused upon the kinds of skills students need. Considers much educational testing in writing to be reductionist, unrealistic, and detrimental to learning. Critiques writing assessment's trust and reliance on a single or small sample of student work collected and scored outside of a…

Presents the historical background of competing models of education as a context for the development of assessment in American education, contending, however, that practical considerations, such as efficiency and fairness, have often been more important than theoretical issues. Analyzes the specific case of writing assessment. (PA)

Asserts that portfolios often seem to take on the characteristics of the existing curricula. Provides a picture of the diversity in approaches to portfolios. Examines how different curriculum perspectives are reflected in the designs of portfolios, how they reveal "patterns on practice" in the teaching of writing, and how they reveal fundamental…

Elaborates on explorations and arguments prompted by the effort undertaken by the Department of Education through the National Center for Education Statistics to begin developing the National Assessment of College Student Learning (NACSL), which focuses on, among other things, "advanced ability to communicate effectively," as specified in America…

Discusses the National Commission on Testing and Public Policy's critique of current standardized testing on grounds of its inequities and its effects on curriculum. Finds that one kind of alternative assessment that can realign assessment with curriculum is authentic assessment. Focuses on performance assessment. Connects authentic and…

Contends that assessing writing is much the same as reviewing literature. Questions the differences between oral literature and composition and responses to them, and hypertext and responses to them. Discusses how these questions relate to determining achievement, performance, or learning in writing. Defines, offers a blueprint of, and discusses…