Cognition, as a key semantic descriptor, is examined to discover how its use reveals Western attitudes toward knowledge acquisition and toward art as a subject area. (Author/CS)

Eighty-seven art education departments were surveyed to obtain data on relationships between sex, supervisory responsibilities, and academic rank. The results indicated that men held a greater proportion of total faculty positions and a greater proportion of higher rank positions. Supervisory level was not significantly related to these factors.…

The effects of students' sense of self-determination as a motivational force in art learning were investigated. Several hundred sixth graders participated in the study. All four outcome measures revealed differences favoring the student-choice condition. Both achievement and attitudes are improved when students' sense of self-determination is…

A number of theories have been developed to explain individual differences in cognition. This paper explicates the Psychological Differentiation theory of Herbert Witkin and relates behaviors characteristic of his field-independent and field-dependent dimensions to artistic behaviors. Implications for research on artistic development are derived…

Popular beliefs and research on modes of thinking among artists and scientists promote the idea that artists are motivated primarily by emotion and intuition, while scientists are stimulated primarily by logic and reason. This dichotomy and its implications for art education are discussed and criticized. (Author/IS)

Most art programs at the secondary level and beyond hope to produce students who can make discriminating aesthetic judgments about many kinds of visual art forms. This paper describes how students judge the art they encounter and suggests how art teachers might improve the quality of their students' responses. (Author/IS)

Undergraduate students were tested to see if the use of verbal information about the structure and representational content of art work aided in retention of information about that work. Results indicated that verbalization can contribute significantly to improved retention of both meaning and structural features. (IS)

Despite calls for change and numerous proposed alternatives, art education remains committed to the studio model. The retention of the status quo may be related to the economics of art studio materials and especially to the extensive advertising of art supply companies in art teachers' journals. (Author/IS)

Conceptual problems hinder the development of computer-assisted art instruction. Presented is a framework to guide the organization of instruction and to facilitate the selection of computer strategies appropriate to particular art learning situations. Various types of computer-assisted instruction are presented within a continuum of teaching…

Participant observation of an innovative art teacher's classroom technique suggested that, despite his popularity with students, this teacher did not fully engage his students' attention. His attempt at using cognitive dissonance to bring about attitudinal change in the classroom left many students baffled despite the effort expended to involve…

Children in grades one, five, and nine viewed painting reproductions for different lengths of time to determine whether viewing time affected their memory of color and subject matter placement. Results indicated that children's memories of these properties are affected by length of viewing time and that recognition improves with age. (Author/IS)

Art was introduced into women's education in 19th century Boston as a kind of finishing school treatment to equip them for marriage and later for careers as school teachers. Common school art emphasized practical application. Feminine art education, by contrast, promoted the teaching of art as high culture. (Author/RM)

Approximately 524 children, grades K-5, were asked to draw a plain or designed cube. At all grade levels, the plain cube was represented as a square with far greater frequency than was the designed cube. Perspective drawings, attempted and achieved, were more frequent for the plain cube. (Author/RM)

There are different types of copying, some involving artistic behaviors and some not. It is important to differentiate these types, separating the replication of conventions from more inventive artistic behaviors. A framework for such examination is applied in a group of pilot studies involving children copying comic strips. (Author/RM)

Children at the preoperational and concrete operational levels are influenced by a variety of perceptual cues other than subject matter when classifying paintings. While younger children had little difficulty in classifying paintings done in three stylistic categories, older children were able to perform this task with significantly greater…