The authors examined use of a bipolar scale containing ten descriptors of basic art concepts (e.g. "linear-painterly") identified by Heinrich Wolfflin for analyzing paintings. They found that both trained observers (art history students) and untrained observers (psychology students) could apply Wolfflin's concepts reliably to Renaissance and…

Adapting the cognitive behavior modification work of Bandura and Mahoney, the author suggests a "mediational approach" to teaching creativity in the art classroom; here the desired behavior is modeled, guided experience is offered for practice, then reward in the form of approval is given for successful completion of the event. (Editor/SJL)

This paper examines the current status of women in educational administration generally, and in art/art education administration specifically; summarizes some studies on the characteristics of women in administration; discusses constructs and programs for achieving parity with men in administration; and makes recommendations for changing the…

In view of the concerns for making connections between research and practice, improving art teaching, and refocusing and teaming in research, a new strategy for research and practice is in order. We need to move from practice to research, as well as from the traditional direction of research to practice. (Author)

Proposed is a system for evaluating an art program before it is implemented, using the criteria of completeness, coherence, and appropriateness. (Author/SR)

Graphic strategies employed by children, ages three to seven, to draw a family, children playing, a birthday party, and a garden were documented. Results indicated that strategies were task-dependent and flexible. The children developed progressively complex graphic routines in relating one figure to another within a composition. (Author/SR)

Results indicated that, for elementary students, art criticism was more effective than a combination of methodologies for developing positive affect toward art works. For junior high students, the combination methodology was more effective than art criticism, the exposure method, or the counterattitudinal advocacy method. (Author/SR)

Kellogg and O'Dell's criteria for designating children's art as pictures and Pitcher and Prelinger's collection of stories from children were examined for analogous patterns of structure. Results indicated that form, derived from a structure of repetition, is embodied by children as a metaphor for pictures or stories. (Author/SR)

A nationwide survey of college students taking studio and art history courses indicated that students prefer intensive study of one course to pursuing several unrelated courses during a semester, for reasons of time structure effectiveness; meeting personal needs, goals, and educational standards; ability to arouse interest and motivation; and…

Two experiments were conducted with fourth- through eighth-grade students to study two problems in drawing faces realistically: placement of features and the use of light-dark gradients to render depth. Results indicated that drawing rules are practical and effective for teaching realistic drawing to children. (Author/SR)

Changes in concepts of creativity and culture necessitate closer attention to the sociological aspects of creativity. Problems emanate from disregarding the modernization process in our culture, as that process relates to creativity, and from the impact of the contemporary fine arts on creativity research and art education practice. (Author/SR)

Since the Industrial Revolution, a separation has occurred between art education, taught in the academies of Europe, and applied art education, taught in common schools. The academies based their teaching on limitation; the common schools based theirs on geometric drawing. Ideological and social factors are examined to explain this occurrence.…

The notion of paradigms is central to philosophical and educational inquiry. The tri-paradigmatic structure suggested by Habermas is considered. Each of the paradigms--the empirical-analytic, the interpretive-hermeneutic, and the critical-theoretic--is examined in relation to education. The author contends that the paradigm used greatly influences…

Suggests that ideology can be defined nonpejoratively as a system of ideas that has a bearing on practice. Such an ideology can be judged to be more or less rationally defensible. Use is made of the acronym MKVICKER to help recall the components of an ideology. (Author/CS)

Art education research is a recent development, but studies have already been produced which are valuable for art teachers. Research is applicable to art teaching in six ways. It can foster awareness, describe situations, clarify concepts, define issues, test assumptions, and contribute to theory development. (Author/CS)