NotesFAQContact Us
Collection
Advanced
Search Tips
50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

Back to results
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
ERIC Number: EJ645322
Record Type: CIJE
Publication Date: 2001
Pages: N/A
Abstractor: N/A
Reference Count: 0
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-1226-8909
What Strategy Do Less Proficient Learners Employ in Listening Comprehension?: A Reappraisal of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Processing.
Osada, Nobuko
Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics, v5 n1 p73-90 2001
Investigates the listening process of less proficient Japanese English-as-a-Foreign-Language learners. Focuses on whether they tend to rely on bottom-up or on top-down processing, on which opinions are divided among researchers. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: Applied Linguistics, English (Second Language), Japanese, Language Processing, Listening Skills, Second Language Learning
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers: N/A