Examines age of acquisition of multiple wh-questions in English and Korean, whether there is any difference between English and Korean in terms of the stage at which the multiple wh-question pattern emerges, and whether there is any difference in the degree of difficulty of various multiple wh-questions in Korean and English. (Author/VWL)

Confirms that a significant relationship exists between a reader's reading ability and his or her metacognitive awareness. Discusses how reciprocal teaching can improve the reading ability and metacognition of students learning English as a second language. (Author/VWL)

Tested different views on the role of universal grammar in second-language learning by investigating the acquisition of the head-direction parameter by adult Korean learners of English. (Author/VWL)

Reports a study of Japanese students learning English in Japan. Supports the notion that the necessity to communicate forces learners to notice linguistic problems, and that noticing a problem can push learners to modify their original input. Through this cognitive process, learners acquire second languages, especially the ability to produce oral…

Observes and analyzes Japanese senior high school students' errors due to language transfer. The study focuses on written language, is based on classroom research, and provides possible ways of explaining second-language acquisition. (Author/VWL)

This study sought to find an efficient and optimal sound format for the development of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) in the network environment and to provide some useful suggestions to the developers of CALL software who are interested in optimizing performance while maintaining an appropriate sound quality in the network…

Investigates the cause of avoidance in learning negation in a Korean as a second-language (KSL) situation. Because Korean has two types of negatives--preverbal and postverbal--examination focused on whether students of KSL avoid a certain negative form, and if so, why. (Author/VWL)

Reviews how the second-language learner's mental lexicon in lexical models is treated, summarizes major characteristics of the mental lexicon, discusses the structure of the mental lexicon, and examines a model of lexical acquisition. (Author/VWL)

This investigation encompassed a full-scale experiment for both Japanese and Korean university students and looked at the following: the role of grammaticality-judgment tasks (GJT) in second-language acquisition; the learners' behaviors when they were asked to do GJT; and the reasons why the learners made the wrong grammatical judgments.…

Examines unknown word inference strategies in Japanese high school students' English-as-a-Foreign-Language reading.(Author/VWL)

Investigates the assumption that pseudowords repetition accuracy may be highly associated with vocabulary abilities. Subjects were junior high school students learning English as a second language. (Author/VWL)

The purpose of this longitudinal study is to examine students' needs in a private school as a basis for establishing curriculum goals and instructional objectives for a new curriculum. (Author/VWL)

The Internet can provide very useful tools and resources for learners of English as a foreign language. In this study, those tools and resources, various Internet activities, and other related issues are introduced and discussed.(Author/VWL)

The prototype effects in understanding unfamiliar meanings and usage in a polysemous word, "play," are examined. The learners use prototypical meanings as a referential point to understand peripheral meanings. (Author/VWL)

Discusses pedagogical principles for performance-based instruction and demonstrates how these principles can be applied to foreign-language classroom instruction, curriculum design, materials development, and proficiency testing. (Author/VWL)