Throughout the 1920s and early 1930s, the quality of education for school children in Texas was inconsistent and control of public schools resided with local communities. As a result, teachers' salaries across the state were inequitable among the races, as well as among different divisions within a single district. School district spending was…

Despite the importance of educational journals to teachers and other educational professionals, little attention has been given to educational communication or journalism, particularly those published by a minority teachers' state or local association. This study examines the "Texas Standard," which, beginning in 1926, provided information to a…

"Race, ethnicity, and poverty are poor excuses for low expectations" (Monroe 1997, 111). Negro educators who forged an academic haven for secondary students in the early twentieth century held as strongly to this belief as did Monroe, an urban Black educator, a century and a half later. Whereas the American high school movement gained momentum in…