Most of the seven articles in this collection present research on the social development of young children. Specifically, "Issues in Socio-Emotional Development " (Kazuo Mikyake, Joseph Campos, and Jerome Kagan) and "Japanese vs. United States Comparison of Mother-Infant Interaction and Infant Development: A Review" (Shing-jen Chen and Kazuo Miyake) discuss previous and current studies that compare patterns of mother-infant interaction in Japan and the United States. "Two Courses of Expertise" (Giyoo Hatano and Kayoko Inagaki) discusses one aspect of cognitive development: spontaneous processes involved in the development of adaptive or routine expertise and what factors differentiate these two forms of expertise. The rest of the articles in the collection deal with social and personality development from infancy to adulthood. These include "The Role of Personal Framework of Social Relationships in Socialization Studies" (Keiko Takahashi), "Analysis of Infant's Inhibited Behavior Shown in Peer Interaction at 23 Months" (Yuko Kanaya), "Does Quality of Attachment in a Strange Situation Relate to Later Competence in a Different Situation?" (Shigeru Nakano), and "Infant's Temperamental Disposition, Attachment, and Self-Recognition in the First 20 Months of Life" (Nobumoto Tajima). (CB)